Bound-Preserving Framework for Central-Upwind Schemes for General Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Volume 46, Issue 5, Page A2899-A2924, October 2024.
Abstract. Central-upwind (CU) schemes are Riemann-problem-solver-free finite-volume methods widely applied to a variety of hyperbolic systems of PDEs. Exact solutions of these systems typically satisfy certain bounds, and it is highly desirable and even crucial for the numerical schemes to preserve these bounds. In this paper, we develop and analyze bound-preserving (BP) CU schemes for general hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. Unlike many other Godunov-type methods, CU schemes cannot, in general, be recast as convex combinations of first-order BP schemes. Consequently, standard BP analysis techniques are invalidated. We address these challenges by establishing a novel framework for analyzing the BP property of CU schemes. To this end, we discover that the CU schemes can be decomposed as a convex combination of several intermediate solution states. Thanks to this key finding, the goal of designing BPCU schemes is simplified to the enforcement of four more accessible BP conditions, each of which can be achieved with the help of a minor modification of the CU schemes. We employ the proposed approach to construct provably BPCU schemes for the Euler equations of gas dynamics. The robustness and effectiveness of the BPCU schemes are validated by several demanding numerical examples, including high-speed jet problems, flow past a forward-facing step, and a shock diffraction problem.