城市环境中栖息地和温度对地栖蜘蛛群落影响的尺度问题

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Valentin Cabon, Dylan Amiar, Romain Georges, Vincent Dubreuil, Julien Pétillon, Hervé Quénol, Benjamin Bergerot
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引用次数: 0

摘要

城市化是一个持续的过程,与影响全球生态系统的多种环境变化相关。温度和栖息地是城市中动物群落的主要驱动因素,但由于城市热岛(UHI)经常与土地覆盖共同变化,量化它们的相对权重仍然是一个挑战。本研究旨在厘清温度和栖息地对地栖蜘蛛群落的影响及相关尺度。基于原创的取样设计,我们在雷恩市(法国西北部)的 36 个取样点收集了 137 个物种的 20761 只蜘蛛个体。我们通过评估每个采样点被困个体的数量来描述群落特征,并通过计算多个指标来估算分类和功能多样性。温度指标是通过两个传感器网络获得的,这两个网络分别监测超高温影响(100 米分辨率)和近地面温度(1 米分辨率)。土地覆盖和隔离用于描述地貌,植被结构用于描述当地生境。我们使用广义线性混合模型在景观和地方尺度上将温度的影响与栖息地的影响区分开来,并确定群落描述因子与预测因子之间的关系。我们的研究表明,与温度相关的指标是蜘蛛群落的重要预测因子,而景观尺度和局部尺度具有独立的影响。仅近地面温度就能解释 24% 的被困个体数量,而最高气温指数则能解释 20% 的分类多样性。当地植被高度和覆盖度是功能多样性的重要预测因子,分别解释了 22% 和 25% 的变异。我们的结论是,在当地采取规划措施可以减轻大气超高温引起的分类多样性损失,并促进建立更多样化的群落。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

When scale matters to disentangle the effect of habitat and temperature on ground-dwelling spider communities in urban environments

When scale matters to disentangle the effect of habitat and temperature on ground-dwelling spider communities in urban environments

Urbanisation is an ongoing process associated with multiple environmental changes affecting ecosystems worldwide. Temperature and habitat are main drivers of animal communities within cities, but quantifying their relative weights remains a challenge, as urban heat islands (UHI) often co-vary with land-cover. This study aims to disentangle the effects and relevant scale of temperature and habitat on ground-dwelling spider communities. Based on an original sampling design, we collected 20,761 spider individuals belonging to 137 species at 36 sampling sites in the city of Rennes (northwest France). We characterised communities by assessing the number of trapped individuals at each site, as well as calculating several metrics to estimate taxonomic and functional diversities. Temperature metrics were obtained from two sensor networks monitoring UHI (100-m resolution) and near-ground temperature (1-m resolution) independently. Land-cover and isolation were used to describe landscapes, and vegetation structure to describe local habitats. We used generalized linear mixed models to disentangle the effects of temperature from those of habitat at the landscape and local scales, and identified relationships between community descriptors and predictors. We show that temperature-related metrics are important predictors of spider communities, and that the landscape and local scales have independent effects. Near-ground temperature alone explained 24% of the number of trapped individuals, whereas UHI explained 20% of taxonomic diversity. Local vegetation height and cover were significant predictors of functional diversity, and explained 22% and 25% of variance, respectively. We conclude that locally applied planning measures could mitigate the loss of taxonomic diversity induced by the atmospheric UHI and promote the establishment of more diverse communities.

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来源期刊
Urban Ecosystems
Urban Ecosystems BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ECOLOGY
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
6.90%
发文量
113
期刊介绍: Urban Ecosystems is an international journal devoted to scientific investigations of urban environments and the relationships between socioeconomic and ecological structures and processes in urban environments. The scope of the journal is broad, including interactions between urban ecosystems and associated suburban and rural environments. Contributions may span a range of specific subject areas as they may apply to urban environments: biodiversity, biogeochemistry, conservation biology, wildlife and fisheries management, ecosystem ecology, ecosystem services, environmental chemistry, hydrology, landscape architecture, meteorology and climate, policy, population biology, social and human ecology, soil science, and urban planning.
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