原地暴露于捕食者会产生一些持久的反捕食者行为:从共同环境实验中获得的启示

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Katherine E. Moseby, Daniel T. Blumstein, Mike Letnic, Baillie Trenwith, Leanne K. Van der Weyde
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引用次数: 0

摘要

猎物天真与许多濒危物种在全球范围内的减少和重新引入失败有关。目前已开发出许多工具来消除猎物的天真,包括利用活体捕食者进行捕食者原位暴露。然而,确定这些干预措施的有效性和持续性可能很困难,需要对未接触捕食者和经过捕食者训练的种群的个体反应进行比较。即使在这种情况下,由于大规模种群操作中实验设计的限制,解释行为反应也可能具有挑战性。我们采用了共同环境实验,将来自无捕食者种群和捕食者暴露种群的穴居贝通虫(Bettongia lesueur)放在一个 8 公顷的围栏围场中。暴露于捕食者的种群之前曾在受控野生条件下与野猫(Felis catus)接触长达六年之久,初步研究表明,这种接触导致了其身体和行为的变化。在我们的共同环境实验中,我们比较了一系列抗捕食者行为,包括诱捕和捕食行为以及对捕食者气味和模型的反应。我们发现有证据表明,在将贝通斯移至无捕食者的共同环境并与捕食者隔离7个月后,贝通斯的性状发生了持续变化,这是对其行为进行测试的最晚时间。这些行为包括降低报警率、偏好开阔区域以及对捕食者气味和模型刺激的反应。此外,与被动的反捕食行为相比,高风险捕食者线索更有可能引起反捕食者反应。我们的设计表明,捕食者暴露会导致某些而非所有反捕食者行为的持续转变。确定反捕食者特征的近似基础对于开发成功的工具来对抗猎物的天真是非常重要的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

In situ predator exposure creates some persistent anti-predator behaviours: insights from a common environment experiment

In situ predator exposure creates some persistent anti-predator behaviours: insights from a common environment experiment

Prey naiveté has been implicated in the global decline and reintroduction failure of many threatened species. A number of tools have been developed to combat prey naiveté including in situ predator exposure using live predators. However, determining the effectiveness and persistence of these interventions can be difficult, and requires comparisons of individual responses from predator-naïve and predator-trained populations. Even when this occurs, interpreting behavioural responses can be challenging because of the constraints of experimental design in large scale population manipulations. We used a common environment experiment and placed burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) from predator-free and predator-exposed populations together in an 8 ha fenced paddock. The predator-exposed population had been previously exposed to feral cats (Felis catus) under controlled wild conditions for up to six years and initial work suggested this exposure had led to physical and behavioural changes. Within our common environment experiment we compared a range of anti-predator behaviours including trap and feeding behaviour and response to predator scent and models. We found evidence for persistent trait changes up to 7 months, the latest time behaviours were tested, after bettongs were moved to the predator-free common environment and isolated from predators. These behaviours include reduced alarm rates, preference for open areas, and responses to predator scent and model stimuli. Additionally, high risk predator cues were more likely to elicit anti-predator responses than passive measures of anti-predator behaviour. Our design shows that predator exposure leads to persistent shifts in some, but not all, anti-predator behaviours. Identifying the proximate basis of anti-predator traits is important to develop successful tools to combat prey naiveté.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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