评估雨流对提高海洋碱度的作用

IF 2.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Riccardo Bianchi, Samuele Abbate, Andrew Lockley, Antonella Abbà, Francesco Campo, Selene Varliero, Mario Grosso, Stefano Caserini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海洋碱度增强(OAE)是为解决海洋酸化和全球变暖问题而提出的一项技术。本研究考察了用于消石灰浆分布的雨流(即从船上向空中喷射水流)。使用平滑粒子流体力学方法研究了流体动力学行为--包括空气中的轨迹和次表面。模拟了平静海面上的各种流出速度;发现了不同的稀释因子和环境消石灰浓度峰值。将泥浆浓度与 pH 值联系起来,确定了避免对海洋生物造成损害的排放条件。初步成本分析比较了雨水冲刷和船舷排放。雨水排放需要消耗大量电力,才能将大量水射向远离船只的地方。需要非常高的稀释度,这主要是因为人为要求不能瞬间超过 24 小时环境 pH 值限制;海洋湍流对瞬时 pH 值峰值的影响可以忽略不计,在分析中也没有考虑。能源消耗造成的排放几乎与排放过程中清除的二氧化碳相等,这使得该方法效率低下(每吨熟石灰仅清除 176 千克二氧化碳)。之前的船翼排放分析表明,OAE 性能更高,成本更低(每吨二氧化碳去除成本为 5.5 欧元对 388 欧元)。总之,基于所施加的保守环境限制和所进行的具体建模,雨水冲刷并不能证明是一种高效的 OAE 方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluating rainbowing for ocean alkalinity enhancement
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) is a technique proposed to address ocean acidification and global warming. This study examines rainbowing (i.e. water jets pumped into the air from ships) for the slaked lime slurry distribution. The fluid dynamic behaviour—both the in-air trajectory and subsurface—was studied using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. Various outflow velocities were simulated for calm seas; different dilution factors and environmental slaked lime concentration spikes have been found. Linking slurry concentration to pH, discharge conditions that avoid damage to marine biota have been identified. A preliminary cost analysis compares rainbowing to ship-wake discharge. Rainbowing requires high power consumption to project large volumes of water far from ships. Very high dilution is needed, mainly because of the artificial requirement not to momentarily exceed 24-hour environmental pH limits; the effect of ocean turbulence on instantaneous pH peaks is negligible and is not considered in the analysis. Emissions due to energy consumption almost equalize carbon dioxide removed during discharge, making the method inefficient (only 176 kg of CO2 removed per ton of slaked lime spread). Previous ship-wake discharge analysis shows greater OAE performance and lower cost (5.5 € versus 388 € per ton of CO2 removed). In conclusion—based on the conservative environmental limits imposed, and the specific modeling undertaken—rainbowing is not demonstrated as an efficient method for OAE.
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来源期刊
Environmental Research Communications
Environmental Research Communications ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
136
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