同源物种对的基因组变化各不相同

Warren R Francis, Sergio Vargas, Gert Woerheide
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引用次数: 0

摘要

同源染色体(Synteny)是相关物种之间染色体上基因的共同排列,是共同祖先的标志,同源染色体断裂事件会导致种群之间基因组不相容,并最终导致物种分化事件。尽管同源染色体断裂在物种分化中起着举足轻重的作用,但由于缺乏分类学上广泛的生物样本的染色体级基因组组装,对同源染色体断裂在物种分化中的作用研究甚少。在这里,我们利用 22 对同源动物基因组发现了蛋白质同一性、微合成和大合成之间的联系,但没有证据表明在物种分化过程中基因组变化的普遍路径。我们观察到,在非模式生物中,相对于蛋白质同一性,基因组的合成保护轨迹各不相同,许多物种对的核型没有变化,而另一些物种对的基因组则发生了大的重排。这与之前对模式生物的研究形成了鲜明对比,并表明物种分化之前或分化所导致的基因组变化很可能与不同支系之间的具体情况密切相关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genomic changes are varied across congeneric species pairs
Synteny, the shared arrangement of genes on chromosomes between related species, is a marker of shared ancestry, and synteny-breaking events can result in genomic incompatibilities between populations and ultimately lead to speciation events. Despite its pivotal role as a driver of speciation, the role of synteny breaks on speciation is poorly studied due to a lack of chromosome-level genome assemblies for a taxonomically broad sample of organisms. Here, using 22 congeneric animal genome pairs, we find a link between protein identity, microsynteny, and macrosynteny, but no evidence for a universal path of genomic change during divergence. We observed varied trajectories of synteny conservation relative to protein identity in non-model organisms, with many species pairs showing no karyotypic changes and others displaying large genomic rearrangements. This contrasts with previous studies on model organisms and indicates that the genomic changes preceding or resulting from speciation are likely very contextual between clades.
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