几个世纪以来,瘟疫和大流行病引发的政治和文化变革:案例研究

IF 0.1 4区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Franco Cardini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在从历史的角度研究大流行病时,我们首先应该牢记几个世纪以来在观念和语言上的差异:我们所面对的众多资料可能会以不同的方式提及同一现象。尽管瘟疫从一开始就属于人类历史的一部分(《圣经》、《伊利亚特》和修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》就是一些恰当的见证),但只有在 19 世纪和 20 世纪之间,科学概念才开始对病毒和相关疾病进行分类,从而可以通过科学医学进行干预,修复大流行病造成的全部或部分损害。黑死病是每个人的记忆,但在它之前和之后,其他大流行病也造成了死亡。本文回顾了这些事件,提供了不同大流行病之间的接触和距离的证据,同时意识到这些疾病对文化和社会的影响是有争议的,辩论仍未结束。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Political and cultural changes as an effect of the pestilences and pandemics through the centuries: Case studies
In considering pandemics from an historical point of view, we should first have in mind the differences in perception and language which have evolved over the centuries: the numerous sources we are dealing with may refer to the same phenomenon in different ways. Notwithstanding the fact that pestilences belong to human history from the very beginning (the Bible, the Iliad and Thucydides’ The History of the Peloponnesian War are some appropriate witnesses), only between the 1800s and the 1900s did the scientific notions start classifying viruses and related diseases, allowing intervention through scientific medicine to repair all or some of the damage caused by pandemics. The Black Death is in everyone's memory, but other pandemics have killed before and after it. This article goes through the events, giving evidence of the contacts and distances between different pandemics, aware that the effects of those diseases on culture and society are controversial and that the debate is still open.
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来源期刊
Forum Italicum
Forum Italicum Multiple-
CiteScore
0.20
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46
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