Irreversibility analysis on a radiative hybrid nanofluid flow across an exponentially stretching sheet with multiple slips and variable thermal conductivity

The entropy analysis and flow behavior of a mixed convective hybrid nanofluid [Formula: see text] across an exponentially stretching sheet were examined in this article using Tiwari-Das model in presence of thermal radiation, Joule heating, viscous dissipation, velocity slip, and thermal slip at the boundary with the idea of variable thermal conductivity which was yet to be studied by any researcher. This attests to the novelty of our study. The non-linear partial differential equations have been transformed into non-dimensional ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations, and the MATLAB bvp4c algorithm is used to solve it numerically. Comparisons were made with previously published studies which were found to be in great agreement. The temperature profile increases with increasing Eckert number [Formula: see text], variable thermal conductivity parameter [Formula: see text], buoyancy parameter [Formula: see text], volume fraction of nanoparticle parameter [Formula: see text], and radiation parameter [Formula: see text]. However, the opposite trend is observed when suction parameter [Formula: see text] is increased. It was observed that the fluid motion decreases as velocity slip [Formula: see text] increases and thermal slip [Formula: see text] behaves in the same manner on temperature profile. It is observed that, for differing values of Eckert number and radiation parameter, the skin friction coefficient leads to increase while the Nusselt number values decrease. An increased by 9.39% is observed for entropy production [Formula: see text] for a change in Brinkmann number [Formula: see text] from 0.5 to 2.0 while entropy production profile reduced by [Formula: see text] for changing the variable thermal conductivity parameter from [Formula: see text] to 1.5. Similarly, an increased by [Formula: see text] is observed for temperature profile for a change in radiation parameter from Rd = 0.10 to 1.50. The current study discovered use for it in glass fiber production, wire drawing stretching, aerodynamic plastic sheet extrusion, metallic plate cooling, etc.