Metal-organic framework-based dressings: Application and opportunities in wound healing

The process of healing a wound is multifaceted and organized that needs the organization and support of countless biological activities to achieve effective repair of damage. Coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling represent its four stages. However, in the method of healing behavior disorders often occur, leading to tissue damage or healing disorders. Because of the associated morbidity and socioeconomic cost, managing wound healing requires innovative methods that are both clinically and financially demanding. Therefore, it is required to discover and research new drugs or treatments for quicker wound healing. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous combined materials comprised of ions of metal connected with organic moieties. MOFs are not only extensively employed in various fields but also have prodigious potential for encouraging healing of wound. The present review encapsulates the advancements of MOF-derived materials in upholding wound healing processes. In particular, the physiopathological mechanism of wound healing improves the comprehension of biological and clinical mechanisms to repair a wound. The present review highlights the utilization of MOFs through surface engineering for effective wound healing, and surface-functional characteristics. Application materials include hydrogels, nanofibers, and microneedles that classify MOFs. The possible biomedical applications of MOFs are highlighted, including metal delivery systems, catalytic enzymes, and drug delivery. Finally, the challenges and possible outlook strategies for the progress of MOFs in wound healing through the integration of materials and biological interfaces are described.