双向量子计算机的 3-SAT 求解器

Jarek Duda
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摘要

虽然量子计算机假定存在状态准备过程$|0\rangle$,但物理学的CPT对称性表明,从CPT对称性的角度来执行这样的过程,例如将使用过的电磁脉冲($V(t)\to V(-t)$)反转,我们就会得到其对称的类似物$\langle 0|$,这里称为状态后准备--它应该提供与后选择一样的结果,但成功率更高。双向量子计算机(2WQC)假定同时拥有$|0\rangle$和$\langle 0|$前准备和后准备。理论上,它们可以解决 NP 问题,然而,基本方法要比 Shor 算法更难,现在还远远没有实现。本文将讨论如何使 2WQC 3-SAT 求解器实用化,这需要指数级地降低错误率,而这本应通过线性增加门的数量来实现。2WQCalc 还提供了额外的纠错能力,如更稳定的格罗弗算法,或将综合征强制为零的中途电路,如建议的强制量子位相等的均衡器。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
3-SAT solver for two-way quantum computers
While quantum computers assume existence of state preparation process $|0\rangle$, CPT symmetry of physics says that performing such process in CPT symmetry perspective, e.g. reversing used EM impulses ($V(t)\to V(-t)$), we should get its symmetric analog $\langle 0|$, referred here as state postparation - which should provide results as postselection, but with higher success rate. Two-way quantum computers (2WQC) assume having both $|0\rangle$ and $\langle 0|$ pre and postparation. In theory they allow to solve NP problems, however, basic approach would be more difficult than Shor algorithm, which is now far from being practical. This article discusses approach to make practical 2WQC 3-SAT solver, requiring exponential reduction of error rate, what should be achievable through linear increase of the numbers of gates. 2WQC also provides additional error correction capabilities, like more stable Grover algorithm, or mid-circuit enforcement of syndrome to zero, like proposed equalizer enforcing qubit equality.
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