Stephanie Wissel, Andrew Zeolla, Cosmin Deaconu, Valentin Decoene, Kaeli Hughes, Zachary Martin, Katharine Mulrey, Austin Cummings, Rafael Alves Batista, Aurélien Benoit-Lévy, Mauricio Bustamante, Pablo Correa, Arsène Ferrière, Marion Guelfand, Tim Huege, Kumiko Kotera, Olivier Martineau, Kohta Murase, Valentin Niess, Jianli Zhang, Oliver Krömer, Kathryn Plant, Frank G. Schroeder
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引用次数: 0
摘要
超高能中微子既可能来自宇宙射线在其加速点的相互作用,也可能来自它们在宇宙中传播时宇宙射线的相互作用。预计这些中微子的流量较低,因此需要使用有效面积较大的仪器。对岩石中的陶中微子相互作用引起的倾斜气流进行无线电观测可以实现这一目标,因为无线电波在数百公里的大气层中传播时基本上没有衰减。为对陶中微子进行无线电探测而提出的阵列方案主要集中在由分布在大面积区域的廉价接收器组成的阵列(即 "GRAND "概念),或位于高山上的紧凑型相控阵列(即 "BEACON "概念),以建立一个触发阈值较低的大型探测器区域。我们提出的概念结合了这两种方法的优点,即由中等高度(1 公里)的相控阵驱动触发器,以及用于重建和背景抑制的稀疏、高增益支路接收器。我们的研究表明,与之前的两种设计相比,这种设计在 100 PeV 的灵敏度更高,所需的天线更少,并讨论了优化天线设计的必要性。
Targeting 100-PeV tau neutrino detection with an array of phased and high-gain reconstruction antennas
Neutrinos at ultrahigh energies can originate both from interactions of
cosmic rays at their acceleration sites and through cosmic-ray interactions as
they propagate through the universe. These neutrinos are expected to have a low
flux which drives the need for instruments with large effective areas. Radio
observations of the inclined air showers induced by tau neutrino interactions
in rock can achieve this, because radio waves can propagate essentially
unattenuated through the hundreds of kilometers of atmosphere. Proposed arrays
for radio detection of tau neutrinos focus on either arrays of inexpensive
receivers distributed over a large area, the GRAND concept, or compact phased
arrays on elevated mountains, the BEACON concept, to build up a large detector
area with a low trigger threshold. We present a concept that combines the
advantages of these two approaches with a trigger driven by phased arrays at a
moderate altitude (1 km) and sparse, high-gain outrigger receivers for
reconstruction and background rejection. We show that this design has enhanced
sensitivity at 100 PeV over the two prior designs with fewer required antennas
and discuss the need for optimized antenna designs.