Total body weight estimation by 3D camera systems: potential high-tech solutions for emergency medicine applications? A scoping review

Background Weight estimation is required in adult patients when weight-based medication must be administered during emergency care, as measuring weight is often not possible. Inaccurate estimations may lead to inaccurate drug dosing, which may cause patient harm. High-tech 3D camera systems driven by artificial intelligence might be the solution to this problem. The aim of this review was to describe and evaluate the published literature on 3D camera weight estimation methods. Methods A systematic literature search was performed for articles that studied the use of 3D camera systems for weight estimation in adults. Data on the study characteristics, the quality of the studies, the 3D camera methods evaluated, and the accuracy of the systems were extracted and evaluated. Results A total of 14 studies were included, published from 2012 to 2024. Most studies used Microsoft Kinect cameras, with various analytical approaches to weight estimation. The 3D camera systems often achieved a P10 of 90% (90% of estimates within 10% of actual weight), with all systems exceeding a P10 of 78%. The studies highlighted a significant potential for 3D camera systems to be suitable for use in emergency care. Conclusion The 3D camera systems offer a promising method for weight estimation in emergency settings, potentially improving drug dosing accuracy and patient safety. Weight estimates were extremely accurate. Importantly, 3D camera systems possess characteristics that could make them very appropriate for use during emergency care. Future research should focus on developing and validating this methodology in larger studies with true external and clinical validation.