成膜剂成分对玄武岩纤维复合材料耐湿性和耐热性影响的研究

Hechen Liu, Hong Yu, Mingjia Zhang, Peng Wu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

抗湿热老化性能是玄武岩纤维复合材料在电气设备领域推广应用的关键,因此开发适合玄武岩纤维的、具有优异抗湿热老化性能的纤维表面改性涂层至关重要。本研究比较分析了经四种表面涂层处理的玄武岩纤维复合材料样品在人工加速湿热老化试验下的性能变化,并进一步分析了表面涂层中不同成分的作用机理。结果表明,使用环氧树脂乳液与丙烯酸乳液混合作为成膜剂可显著改善样品的力学性能。使用环氧树脂乳液与聚氨酯乳液共混作为成膜剂可改善样品的绝缘性能、防潮和耐热性能。此外,使用 5:1:1 的环氧树脂乳液、丙烯酸乳液和聚氨酯乳液共混作为成膜剂成分,可以在兼顾机械性能的同时,确保样品的绝缘性和耐湿热性。与以环氧乳液为主要成膜剂的样品相比,经过 120 小时的湿热老化后,击穿场强提高了 22%,泄漏电流和介质损耗角提高了 10%,力学性能也得到了显著改善。综上所述,通过成膜剂乳液组分的复配,可实现玄武岩纤维复合材料耐湿耐热性能的优化,采用质量百分比为5:1:1的三种乳液混合制备纤维表面涂层,更适用于处理玄武岩纤维制备电工设备。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study on the effect of film-forming agent composition on moisture and heat resistance of basalt fiber composites
Resistance to hygrothermal aging is the key to the popularization and application of basalt fiber composites in the field of electrical equipment, so it is crucial to develop fiber surface-modified coatings suitable for basalt fibers with excellent hygrothermal resistance. In this study, the performance changes of basalt fiber composite samples treated with four types of surface coatings under artificially accelerated hygrothermal aging test were comparatively analyzed, and the mechanism of different components in the surface coatings was further analyzed. The results showed that the use of epoxy resin emulsion co-mingled with acrylic emulsion as the film-forming agent could significantly improve the mechanical properties of the samples. The use of epoxy resin emulsion co-blended with polyurethane emulsion as the film-forming agent improved the insulating properties and moisture and heat resistance of the samples. Further, the use of 5:1:1 epoxy emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and polyurethane emulsion co-blended as the film-forming agent component can ensure the insulation and hygrothermal resistance of the samples while taking into account the mechanical properties. After 120 hours of wet-heat aging, the breakdown field strength was increased by 22%, leakage current and dielectric loss angle was increased by 10%, and the mechanical properties were also significantly improved compared with the sample with epoxy emulsion as the main film-forming agent. In summary, through the compounding of the film-forming agent emulsion components, the optimization of the moisture and heat resistance of basalt fiber composites can be achieved, and the use of the mass percentage of 5:1:1 for the three types of emulsions blended to prepare the fiber surface coatings is more suitable for the treatment of basalt fibers to prepare the electrician’s equipment.
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