超声波降解全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的进展:实现混合方法

Olalekan Simon Awoyemi, Ravi Naidu, Cheng Fang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)污染已成为一个重大的环境问题,因此有必要开发有效的降解技术。在这些技术中,超声波技术越来越受到关注。然而,由于现实条件的复杂性及其高能耗,人们对其规模化应用或现场应用的了解仍然有限。在此,我们概述了超声波降解 PFAS 混合技术的最新进展。本综述包含有关全氟辛烷磺酸物理和化学特性的信息,随后探讨了降解难题、超声降解机理以及该领域的最新实验发现。影响超声处理的关键因素是空化强度,它取决于超声频率、功率密度和全氟辛烷磺酸的结构。其主要优点包括无需化学试剂即可生成活性物种,以及与其他降解技术的兼容性,而主要缺点是能耗高,且仅限于应用于液基介质。我们还重点介绍了将超声处理与其他高级氧化过程 (AOP) 相结合以创建增强降解全氟辛烷磺酸的混合系统,从而显著提高全氟辛烷磺酸的降解效率,增强因子在 2 到 12 之间。最后,我们讨论了扩大超声波降解全氟辛烷磺酸的规模的前景,并探讨了相关的局限性。本综述旨在加深人们对超声波技术在解决全氟辛烷磺酸污染方面的认识,并为未来的研究和开发工作提供指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advancements on Ultrasonic Degradation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Toward Hybrid Approaches
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination has emerged as a significant environmental concern, necessitating the development of effective degradation technologies. Among these technologies, ultrasonication has gained increasing attention. However, there is still limited knowledge of its scale-up or on-site applications due to the complexity of real-world conditions and its high energy consumption. Herein, we provide an overview of recent advancements in the ultrasonic degradation of PFAS toward hybrid technologies. This review contains information regarding the physical and chemical properties of PFAS, followed by an exploration of degradation challenges, the mechanisms of ultrasonication, and recent experimental findings in this field. The key factor affecting ultrasonication is cavitation intensity, which depends on ultrasonic frequency, power density, and PFAS structure. Its main advantages include the generation of reactive species without chemicals and the compatibility with other degradation technologies, while its main disadvantages are high energy consumption and limited applications to liquid-based media. We also highlight the integration of ultrasonication with other advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to create hybrid systems for enhanced degradation of PFAS in order to significantly improve PFAS degradation efficiency, with enhancement factors ranging between 2 and 12. Finally, we discuss prospects for scaling up the ultrasonic degradation of PFAS and address the associated limitations. This review aims to deepen the understanding of ultrasonication technology in addressing PFAS contamination and to guide future research and development efforts.
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