希腊北部金雕(Aquila chrysaetos)的散布生态学:开始、巡游、临时和领土定居

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/d16090580
Lavrentis Sidiropoulos, D. Philip Whitfield, Konstantinos Poirazidis, Elisabeth Navarrete, Dimitris P. Vasilakis, Anastasios Bounas, Elzbieta Kret, Vassiliki Kati
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摘要

对于猛禽来说,出生后的迁徙是一个关键时期,对个体的生存和种群数量都有严重影响。在这项研究中,我们分析了18只GPS追踪的金雕的数据,以描述它们在希腊北部的散布生态,该物种主要以龟为食。在我们的种群中,幼鹰在羽化后176天时开始散居,独立后的第一年在离其出生地相对较近的地方(40-60千米)度过,并表现出不同的临时定居行为。总体散布范围的大小没有季节性差异,但冬季临时定居区的范围明显更大。有三只老鹰存活到了领地定居,并占据了距离其出生地20-60千米的范围。苏格兰GET散布范围模型的应用和改进表明,老鹰在产地散布时使用地形起伏较大、树冠覆盖较低的地区。在临时定居期间,栖息地的异质性似乎也有影响。我们的研究首次为东欧南部的金雕提供了这样的见解,并提供了一种划分该物种临时定居区的方法。我们的研究结果可以从食物和栖息地可用性的角度来解释。我们强调了保护地形复杂的异质开放区域以及在临时定居区内采取积极的管理措施对保护我们种群的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dispersal Ecology of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in Northern Greece: Onset, Ranging, Temporary and Territorial Settlement
Natal dispersal is a crucial period for raptors with serious implications for individuals’ survival and population demography. In this study we analyzed data from 18 GPS-tracked golden eagles in order to describe their dispersal ecology in northern Greece, where the species feeds mostly on tortoises. Young eagles in our population dispersed at 176 days post fledging, spent their first year of independence relatively close (40–60 kms) to their natal ranges and exhibited a variable temporary settlement behavior. Overall dispersal range sizes did not differ seasonally, but temporary settlement area range sizes were significantly larger in winter. Three eagles survived to territorial settlement and occupied ranges 20–60 kms from their natal areas. The application and refinement of the Scottish GET dispersal ranging model suggested that eagles used areas that had higher topographical relief and lower canopy cover during their natal dispersal. Habitat heterogeneity seems to also be influential during temporary settlement. Our study is the first to provide both such insights for golden eagles in southern eastern Europe and a method for delineating temporary settlement areas for the species. Our findings can be explained in terms of food and habitat availability. We highlight the importance of conserving heterogeneous open areas of complex topography and applying proactive management measures within temporary settlement areas for our population’s conservation.
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