E. LaForte, Stephanie Ruth Young, E. M. Dworak, M. A. Novack, A. J. Kaat, H. Adam, C. J. Nowinski, Z. Hosseinian, J. Slotkin, S. Amagai, M. V. Diaz, A. A. Correa, K. Alperin, M. Camacho, B. Landavazo, R. Nosheny, M. W. Weiner, R. M. Gershon
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To help overcome these barriers and foster progress in ADRD research, the National Institute on Aging (NIA)-funded Mobile Toolbox (MTB) offers a library of cognitive measures that can be self-administered remotely on a participant’s own smartphone, including a brand-new Spelling test.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>The goal of this paper is to describe the design, piloting, calibration, and validation of the MTB Spelling test.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Design</h3><p>We describe a pilot study, calibration study, and three validation studies, all of which use a cross-sectional design.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Setting</h3><p>The pilot study, calibration study, and validation studies 2 and 3 were conducted remotely, while validation study 1 was conducted in the lab.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Participants</h3><p>Participants for all of the studies were recruited from the general population by a thirdparty market research firm and the samples were stratified by age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education to represent the U.S. population. The pilot sample included 1,950 participants and the calibration study included 1335 participants over the age of 8. Validation study 1 included 92 participants ages 20 to 84, validation study 2 included 1021 participants ages 18 to 90, and validation study 3 included 168 participants ages 28 to 87.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Measurements</h3><p>Participants in each of the studies completed the MTB Spelling test. Participants in validation studies 1 and 2 completed measures from the NIH Toolbox including Oral Reading Recognition as a measure of convergent validity, and Visual Reasoning and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning as measures of divergent validity. As an additional measure of convergent validity, participants in study 1 also completed the Spelling subtest from the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, 4th Edition.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The MTB Spelling test demonstrated evidence of internal consistency (r=.79 to.83) convergent validity (r=.56 to.81, p<.01), discriminant validity (r =.23 to.36, p <.01), test-retest reliability (ICC=.63), and correlations with normal cognitive aging (r = −.06 to −.04, p >.01).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Findings suggest the MTB Spelling test is a reliable and valid measure of English spelling abilities in general population samples, and has potential in ADRD research.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Development and Validation the Mobile Toolbox (MTB) Spelling Test\",\"authors\":\"E. 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To help overcome these barriers and foster progress in ADRD research, the National Institute on Aging (NIA)-funded Mobile Toolbox (MTB) offers a library of cognitive measures that can be self-administered remotely on a participant’s own smartphone, including a brand-new Spelling test.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Objective</h3><p>The goal of this paper is to describe the design, piloting, calibration, and validation of the MTB Spelling test.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Design</h3><p>We describe a pilot study, calibration study, and three validation studies, all of which use a cross-sectional design.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Setting</h3><p>The pilot study, calibration study, and validation studies 2 and 3 were conducted remotely, while validation study 1 was conducted in the lab.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Participants</h3><p>Participants for all of the studies were recruited from the general population by a thirdparty market research firm and the samples were stratified by age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education to represent the U.S. population. 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Development and Validation the Mobile Toolbox (MTB) Spelling Test
Background
Spelling assessments can provide a valuable marker of cognitive change in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and play an important role in ADRD research. However, most commercial assessments are not well-suited to the needs of researchers or participants; they are expensive and often require face-to-face administration by a trained examiner. To help overcome these barriers and foster progress in ADRD research, the National Institute on Aging (NIA)-funded Mobile Toolbox (MTB) offers a library of cognitive measures that can be self-administered remotely on a participant’s own smartphone, including a brand-new Spelling test.
Objective
The goal of this paper is to describe the design, piloting, calibration, and validation of the MTB Spelling test.
Design
We describe a pilot study, calibration study, and three validation studies, all of which use a cross-sectional design.
Setting
The pilot study, calibration study, and validation studies 2 and 3 were conducted remotely, while validation study 1 was conducted in the lab.
Participants
Participants for all of the studies were recruited from the general population by a thirdparty market research firm and the samples were stratified by age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education to represent the U.S. population. The pilot sample included 1,950 participants and the calibration study included 1335 participants over the age of 8. Validation study 1 included 92 participants ages 20 to 84, validation study 2 included 1021 participants ages 18 to 90, and validation study 3 included 168 participants ages 28 to 87.
Measurements
Participants in each of the studies completed the MTB Spelling test. Participants in validation studies 1 and 2 completed measures from the NIH Toolbox including Oral Reading Recognition as a measure of convergent validity, and Visual Reasoning and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning as measures of divergent validity. As an additional measure of convergent validity, participants in study 1 also completed the Spelling subtest from the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, 4th Edition.
Results
The MTB Spelling test demonstrated evidence of internal consistency (r=.79 to.83) convergent validity (r=.56 to.81, p<.01), discriminant validity (r =.23 to.36, p <.01), test-retest reliability (ICC=.63), and correlations with normal cognitive aging (r = −.06 to −.04, p >.01).
Conclusion
Findings suggest the MTB Spelling test is a reliable and valid measure of English spelling abilities in general population samples, and has potential in ADRD research.
期刊介绍:
The JPAD Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’Disease will publish reviews, original research articles and short reports to improve our knowledge in the field of Alzheimer prevention including: neurosciences, biomarkers, imaging, epidemiology, public health, physical cognitive exercise, nutrition, risk and protective factors, drug development, trials design, and heath economic outcomes.JPAD will publish also the meeting abstracts from Clinical Trial on Alzheimer Disease (CTAD) and will be distributed both in paper and online version worldwide.We hope that JPAD with your contribution will play a role in the development of Alzheimer prevention.