{"title":"美国毗连地区 100 米分辨率和七个深度的土壤水力特性图:代码设计和初步结果","authors":"Marcel G. Schaap, Yonggen Zhang, Craig Rasmussen","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20377","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Estimates of the van Genuchten (1980, abbreviated as VG) parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity (<jats:italic>K</jats:italic><jats:sub>s</jats:sub>) were made for the contiguous United States at a resolution of 100 m and seven soil depths by combining the SoilGrids+ (SG+) soil property maps of Ramcharan et al. with the R3H3 member of the Rosetta3 hierarchical pedotransfer functions (PTFs) of Zhang et al. To this end, we developed multi‐threaded code that significantly speeds up computation (up to a factor 25) depending on the level of parallelism. We verified estimates first by calculating simple summary statistics of estimated basic properties of SG+ with actual measured soil properties for 14,113 pedons in the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) (2023) labsample database. Next, we computed summary statistics of PTF‐estimated moisture contents for NCSS and SG+ data. The results show estimation errors are dominated by intrinsic errors of the PTF, and that (potentially correctable) systematic errors are present in SG+ soil properties and PTF estimates. The resulting hydraulic property maps contain well over 750 million points for each of the seven layers and show considerable horizontal and depth variation for each VG parameter and <jats:italic>K</jats:italic><jats:sub>s</jats:sub>, except the VG “<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>” parameter, which is dominated by values between 1.25 and 1.6. The hydraulic property maps are 99.9% complete, and we demonstrate that plausible profiles and uncertainty information can be generated for virtually each point. The maps are available as two multi‐channel GeoTIFF maps per SG+ layer: one with the five hydraulic parameters and one with the corresponding covariances.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":"6 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Soil hydraulic property maps for the contiguous United States at 100‐m resolution and seven depths: Code design and preliminary results\",\"authors\":\"Marcel G. Schaap, Yonggen Zhang, Craig Rasmussen\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/vzj2.20377\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Estimates of the van Genuchten (1980, abbreviated as VG) parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity (<jats:italic>K</jats:italic><jats:sub>s</jats:sub>) were made for the contiguous United States at a resolution of 100 m and seven soil depths by combining the SoilGrids+ (SG+) soil property maps of Ramcharan et al. with the R3H3 member of the Rosetta3 hierarchical pedotransfer functions (PTFs) of Zhang et al. To this end, we developed multi‐threaded code that significantly speeds up computation (up to a factor 25) depending on the level of parallelism. We verified estimates first by calculating simple summary statistics of estimated basic properties of SG+ with actual measured soil properties for 14,113 pedons in the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) (2023) labsample database. Next, we computed summary statistics of PTF‐estimated moisture contents for NCSS and SG+ data. The results show estimation errors are dominated by intrinsic errors of the PTF, and that (potentially correctable) systematic errors are present in SG+ soil properties and PTF estimates. The resulting hydraulic property maps contain well over 750 million points for each of the seven layers and show considerable horizontal and depth variation for each VG parameter and <jats:italic>K</jats:italic><jats:sub>s</jats:sub>, except the VG “<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>” parameter, which is dominated by values between 1.25 and 1.6. The hydraulic property maps are 99.9% complete, and we demonstrate that plausible profiles and uncertainty information can be generated for virtually each point. The maps are available as two multi‐channel GeoTIFF maps per SG+ layer: one with the five hydraulic parameters and one with the corresponding covariances.\",\"PeriodicalId\":23594,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Vadose Zone Journal\",\"volume\":\"6 4 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Vadose Zone Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20377\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Vadose Zone Journal","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20377","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil hydraulic property maps for the contiguous United States at 100‐m resolution and seven depths: Code design and preliminary results
Estimates of the van Genuchten (1980, abbreviated as VG) parameters and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) were made for the contiguous United States at a resolution of 100 m and seven soil depths by combining the SoilGrids+ (SG+) soil property maps of Ramcharan et al. with the R3H3 member of the Rosetta3 hierarchical pedotransfer functions (PTFs) of Zhang et al. To this end, we developed multi‐threaded code that significantly speeds up computation (up to a factor 25) depending on the level of parallelism. We verified estimates first by calculating simple summary statistics of estimated basic properties of SG+ with actual measured soil properties for 14,113 pedons in the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) (2023) labsample database. Next, we computed summary statistics of PTF‐estimated moisture contents for NCSS and SG+ data. The results show estimation errors are dominated by intrinsic errors of the PTF, and that (potentially correctable) systematic errors are present in SG+ soil properties and PTF estimates. The resulting hydraulic property maps contain well over 750 million points for each of the seven layers and show considerable horizontal and depth variation for each VG parameter and Ks, except the VG “n” parameter, which is dominated by values between 1.25 and 1.6. The hydraulic property maps are 99.9% complete, and we demonstrate that plausible profiles and uncertainty information can be generated for virtually each point. The maps are available as two multi‐channel GeoTIFF maps per SG+ layer: one with the five hydraulic parameters and one with the corresponding covariances.
期刊介绍:
Vadose Zone Journal is a unique publication outlet for interdisciplinary research and assessment of the vadose zone, the portion of the Critical Zone that comprises the Earth’s critical living surface down to groundwater. It is a peer-reviewed, international journal publishing reviews, original research, and special sections across a wide range of disciplines. Vadose Zone Journal reports fundamental and applied research from disciplinary and multidisciplinary investigations, including assessment and policy analyses, of the mostly unsaturated zone between the soil surface and the groundwater table. The goal is to disseminate information to facilitate science-based decision-making and sustainable management of the vadose zone. Examples of topic areas suitable for VZJ are variably saturated fluid flow, heat and solute transport in granular and fractured media, flow processes in the capillary fringe at or near the water table, water table management, regional and global climate change impacts on the vadose zone, carbon sequestration, design and performance of waste disposal facilities, long-term stewardship of contaminated sites in the vadose zone, biogeochemical transformation processes, microbial processes in shallow and deep formations, bioremediation, and the fate and transport of radionuclides, inorganic and organic chemicals, colloids, viruses, and microorganisms. Articles in VZJ also address yet-to-be-resolved issues, such as how to quantify heterogeneity of subsurface processes and properties, and how to couple physical, chemical, and biological processes across a range of spatial scales from the molecular to the global.