{"title":"图灵谷:人工智能能力如何影响劳动收入","authors":"Enrique Ide, Eduard Talamàs","doi":"arxiv-2408.16443","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Do improvements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) benefit workers? We study how\nAI capabilities influence labor income in a competitive economy where\nproduction requires multidimensional knowledge, and firms organize production\nby matching humans and AI-powered machines in hierarchies designed to use\nknowledge efficiently. We show that advancements in AI in dimensions where\nmachines underperform humans decrease total labor income, while advancements in\ndimensions where machines outperform humans increase it. Hence, if AI initially\nunderperforms humans in all dimensions and improves gradually, total labor\nincome initially declines before rising. We also characterize the AI that\nmaximizes labor income. When humans are sufficiently weak in all knowledge\ndimensions, labor income is maximized when AI is as good as possible in all\ndimensions. Otherwise, labor income is maximized when AI simultaneously\nperforms as poorly as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively\nstrong and as well as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively\nweak. Our results suggest that choosing the direction of AI development can\ncreate significant divisions between the interests of labor and capital.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"396 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Turing Valley: How AI Capabilities Shape Labor Income\",\"authors\":\"Enrique Ide, Eduard Talamàs\",\"doi\":\"arxiv-2408.16443\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Do improvements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) benefit workers? We study how\\nAI capabilities influence labor income in a competitive economy where\\nproduction requires multidimensional knowledge, and firms organize production\\nby matching humans and AI-powered machines in hierarchies designed to use\\nknowledge efficiently. We show that advancements in AI in dimensions where\\nmachines underperform humans decrease total labor income, while advancements in\\ndimensions where machines outperform humans increase it. Hence, if AI initially\\nunderperforms humans in all dimensions and improves gradually, total labor\\nincome initially declines before rising. We also characterize the AI that\\nmaximizes labor income. When humans are sufficiently weak in all knowledge\\ndimensions, labor income is maximized when AI is as good as possible in all\\ndimensions. Otherwise, labor income is maximized when AI simultaneously\\nperforms as poorly as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively\\nstrong and as well as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively\\nweak. Our results suggest that choosing the direction of AI development can\\ncreate significant divisions between the interests of labor and capital.\",\"PeriodicalId\":501273,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"arXiv - ECON - General Economics\",\"volume\":\"396 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"arXiv - ECON - General Economics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.16443\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.16443","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Turing Valley: How AI Capabilities Shape Labor Income
Do improvements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) benefit workers? We study how
AI capabilities influence labor income in a competitive economy where
production requires multidimensional knowledge, and firms organize production
by matching humans and AI-powered machines in hierarchies designed to use
knowledge efficiently. We show that advancements in AI in dimensions where
machines underperform humans decrease total labor income, while advancements in
dimensions where machines outperform humans increase it. Hence, if AI initially
underperforms humans in all dimensions and improves gradually, total labor
income initially declines before rising. We also characterize the AI that
maximizes labor income. When humans are sufficiently weak in all knowledge
dimensions, labor income is maximized when AI is as good as possible in all
dimensions. Otherwise, labor income is maximized when AI simultaneously
performs as poorly as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively
strong and as well as possible in the dimensions where humans are relatively
weak. Our results suggest that choosing the direction of AI development can
create significant divisions between the interests of labor and capital.