胀气类进化的关键时期：泥盆纪胀气类的呼吸转变和古地理扩散

IF 2.3 2区地球科学 Q1 PALEONTOLOGY

Papers in Palaeontology Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1002/spp2.1584

Jan Bohatý, D. Bradford Macurda, Johnny A. Waters

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引用次数: 0

摘要

泥盆纪的胀气类动物经历了一场呼吸革命。泥盆纪的爆破类动物群主要由裂片类（如 Pentremitidea）组成，并产生了过渡性的螺旋类（Conuloblastus）。随后又出现了Hyperoblastus和螺旋体；它们具有更先进的呼吸系统，在二叠纪之前一直占主导地位。这种多样化发生在石点事件和卡恰克事件之前或期间，这两次事件对海洋生态系统造成了严重的生态破坏。大多数新出现的螺旋胀大类动物都是地方性的，而且寿命很短，但是胀大类动物在大灭绝事件中幸存了下来，一直延续到法门纪。来自德国、西班牙和北美洲的材料使我们能够追溯泥盆纪期间螺旋体的多样化。我们建立了 Conuloblastidae 新科，包括 Hreggoblastus differentialis gen.Pentremitidea roemeri 和 Hyperoblastus schultzei 被归入 Altusoblastus。Hyperoblastus batheri 被宣布为 Absensoblastus gen.描述了 Pentahedronoblastus gen.Pentremitella (including P. osoleae and ?P. sp. 1) is redescibed.我们发现了新发现的无信使目 Freisoblastus 属（模式种 F. hemisphaericus sp.nov.）、新发现的无信使目 Dissimiloblastus 属（模式种 D. inequalis sp.nov.）和新发现的非无信使目 Lotusoblastus 属（模式种 Pentremitidea medusa）（目和科均不在）。我们确认了 13 个美国 Hyperoblastus 物种。

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A critical interval in blastoid evolution: the respiratory transition and palaeogeographic dispersion of the spiraculate blastoids in the Devonian

Blastoids underwent a revolution in respiration in the Devonian. Emsian blastoid faunas were dominated by fissiculates such as Pentremitidea, giving rise to a transitional spiraculate, Conuloblastus. Hyperoblastus and a mosaic of spiraculates followed; they featured a more advanced respiratory system and were dominant until the Permian. This diversification occurred just prior to or during the Stony Point and Kačák Events, major ecological disruptions of marine ecosystems. Most new spiraculate blastoids were endemic and short lived, but Hyperoblastus survived the major extinction events, lasting into the Famennian. Material from Germany, Spain and North America enables us to trace the diversification of the spiraculates during the Devonian. We erect the new family Conuloblastidae, including Hreggoblastus differentialis gen. et sp. nov.; also Altusoblastus (type species Pentatrematites eifeliensis) with new species A. eremitus, A. palliolatus, A. sp. 1 and A. sp. 2 in the Hyperoblastidae. Pentremitidea roemeri and Hyperoblastus schultzei are assigned to Altusoblastus. Hyperoblastus batheri is declared the type species of Absensoblastus gen. nov.; H. ludwigi sp. nov. is assigned to Hyperoblastus. Pentahedronoblastus gen. nov. (type species P. giesdorfensis sp. nov.) is described. The fissiculate nymphaeoblastid genus Pentremitella (including P. osoleae and ?P. sp. 1) is redescibed. We recognize the eleutherozoic Freisoblastus gen. nov. (type species F. hemisphaericus sp. nov.), Dissimiloblastus gen. nov. (type species D. inequalis sp. nov.) and non‐eleutherozoic Lotusoblastus gen. nov. (type species Pentremitidea medusa) (order and family incertae sedis). We recognize 13 American species of Hyperoblastus.

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来源期刊

Papers in Palaeontology PALEONTOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

4.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Papers in Palaeontology is the successor to Special Papers in Palaeontology and a journal of the Palaeontological Association (www.palass.org). The journal is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. Papers in Palaeontology is devoted to the publication of papers that document the diversity of past life and its distribution in time and space. As a sister publication to Palaeontology its focus is on descriptive research, including the descriptions of new taxa, systematic revisions of higher taxa, detailed biostratigraphical and biogeographical documentation, and descriptions of floras and faunas from specific localities or regions. Most contributions are expected to be less than 30 pp long but longer contributions will be considered if the material merits it, including single topic parts. The journal publishes a wide variety of papers on palaeontological topics covering: palaeozoology, palaeobotany, systematic studies, palaeoecology, micropalaeontology, palaeobiogeography, functional morphology, stratigraphy, taxonomy, taphonomy, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, palaeoclimate analysis, biomineralization studies.