F 型恒星-行星系统的统计和可居住性

Shaan D. Patel, Manfred Cuntz and Nevin N. Weinberg
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摘要

F型恒星-行星系统是宜居性研究的一个有趣案例。虽然与G型、K型和M型恒星相比,F型恒星在主序(MS)上花费的时间要少得多,但它们仍然具有一系列独特的特征,使外生生命成为可能。这些特征的例子包括恒星宜居带宽度的增加以及紫外线通量的增强,适度的紫外线通量可能会增加宇宙中生命的起源。在这项研究中,我们利用美国宇航局系外行星档案对目前已知的寄居行星的F型恒星进行了详细的统计分析。在剔除行星信息很少或没有行星信息的系统后,我们确定了 206 个感兴趣的系统。我们还根据不同的标准来评估恒星是否在MS上。其中一种方法是使用恒星演化代码 MESA。根据采用的标准,大约有 60-80 颗恒星被确定为 MS 恒星。在 18 个系统中,行星至少有一部分轨道位于恒星宜居带内。在一个系统中,即 HD 111998(被称为 38 Vir),行星始终位于宜居带内。我们的工作可以作为未来研究的基础,包括对F型系统中是否存在地球质量行星的研究,以及对外木星所承载的可能宜居的外木星的调查,因为目前确定的最低质量宜居带行星的质量估计为143个地球质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Statistics and Habitability of F-type Star–Planet Systems
F-type star–planet systems represent an intriguing case for habitability studies. Although F-type stars spend considerably less time on the main sequence (MS) than G-, K-, and M-type stars, they still offer a unique set of features, allowing for the principal possibility of exolife. Examples of these features include the increased widths of stellar habitable zones as well as the presence of enhanced UV flux, which in moderation may have added to the origin of life in the Universe. In this study, we pursue a detailed statistical analysis of the currently known planet-hosting F-type stars by making use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive. After disregarding systems with little or no information on the planet(s), we identify 206 systems of interest. We also evaluate whether the stars are on the MS based on various criteria. In one approach, we use the stellar evolution code MESA. Depending on the adopted criterion, about 60–80 stars have been identified as MS stars. In 18 systems, the planet spends at least part of its orbit within the stellar habitable zone. In one case, i.e., HD 111998, known as 38 Vir, the planet is situated in the habitable zone at all times. Our work may serve as a basis for future studies, including studies on the existence of Earth-mass planets in F-type systems, as well as investigations of possibly habitable exomoons hosted by exo-Jupiters, as the lowest-mass habitable zone planet currently identified has a mass estimate of 143 Earth masses.
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