{"title":"美国佛罗里达群岛珊瑚礁衰退 12 年后鹦嘴鱼食珊瑚模式的转变","authors":"Andrew A. Shantz, Mark C. Ladd","doi":"10.1007/s00338-024-02543-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>When coral cover declines, numeric responses of parrotfish can facilitate top-down control of algae and help reefs recover. Yet many parrotfish are facultative corallivores and we know surprisingly little about how their numeric or functional responses to coral decline modify their interactions with coral prey to shape their impacts on surviving corals. Here, we use benthic and fish surveys conducted in the Florida Keys more than a decade apart to assess how coral communities have changed, and how these changes have impacted parrotfish and their predation rates on corals. We found that disturbances and disease have continued to drive declines in coral cover and changes in coral community composition, but that the parrotfish abundance has not changed. In turn, while parrotfish corallivory has remained relatively constant or even declined for some coral taxa, predation on preferred branching Porites species increased 10% in frequency and, when normalized to live tissue area, > 50% in intensity. These coral-mediated shifts in predation correlated with declines in conspecific cover and are indicative of depensatory predation, which can destabilize trophic interactions and drive prey to low densities or even extinction. While coral reefs cannot recover from disturbances without robust parrotfish populations, our study suggests that parrotfish corallivory has important ramifications for coral community structure and, after prolonged degradation, the ability of some diminished coral populations to recover or persist. In a world where corals bleach annually, understanding the functional responses of corallivorous parrotfish to changes in resource abundance will be increasingly important for effective ecosystem-based management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10821,"journal":{"name":"Coral Reefs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Shifting patterns in parrotfish corallivory after 12 years of decline on coral depauperate reefs in the Florida Keys, USA\",\"authors\":\"Andrew A. Shantz, Mark C. Ladd\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00338-024-02543-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>When coral cover declines, numeric responses of parrotfish can facilitate top-down control of algae and help reefs recover. Yet many parrotfish are facultative corallivores and we know surprisingly little about how their numeric or functional responses to coral decline modify their interactions with coral prey to shape their impacts on surviving corals. Here, we use benthic and fish surveys conducted in the Florida Keys more than a decade apart to assess how coral communities have changed, and how these changes have impacted parrotfish and their predation rates on corals. We found that disturbances and disease have continued to drive declines in coral cover and changes in coral community composition, but that the parrotfish abundance has not changed. In turn, while parrotfish corallivory has remained relatively constant or even declined for some coral taxa, predation on preferred branching Porites species increased 10% in frequency and, when normalized to live tissue area, > 50% in intensity. These coral-mediated shifts in predation correlated with declines in conspecific cover and are indicative of depensatory predation, which can destabilize trophic interactions and drive prey to low densities or even extinction. While coral reefs cannot recover from disturbances without robust parrotfish populations, our study suggests that parrotfish corallivory has important ramifications for coral community structure and, after prolonged degradation, the ability of some diminished coral populations to recover or persist. In a world where corals bleach annually, understanding the functional responses of corallivorous parrotfish to changes in resource abundance will be increasingly important for effective ecosystem-based management.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10821,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Coral Reefs\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Coral Reefs\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02543-3\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Coral Reefs","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-024-02543-3","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Shifting patterns in parrotfish corallivory after 12 years of decline on coral depauperate reefs in the Florida Keys, USA
When coral cover declines, numeric responses of parrotfish can facilitate top-down control of algae and help reefs recover. Yet many parrotfish are facultative corallivores and we know surprisingly little about how their numeric or functional responses to coral decline modify their interactions with coral prey to shape their impacts on surviving corals. Here, we use benthic and fish surveys conducted in the Florida Keys more than a decade apart to assess how coral communities have changed, and how these changes have impacted parrotfish and their predation rates on corals. We found that disturbances and disease have continued to drive declines in coral cover and changes in coral community composition, but that the parrotfish abundance has not changed. In turn, while parrotfish corallivory has remained relatively constant or even declined for some coral taxa, predation on preferred branching Porites species increased 10% in frequency and, when normalized to live tissue area, > 50% in intensity. These coral-mediated shifts in predation correlated with declines in conspecific cover and are indicative of depensatory predation, which can destabilize trophic interactions and drive prey to low densities or even extinction. While coral reefs cannot recover from disturbances without robust parrotfish populations, our study suggests that parrotfish corallivory has important ramifications for coral community structure and, after prolonged degradation, the ability of some diminished coral populations to recover or persist. In a world where corals bleach annually, understanding the functional responses of corallivorous parrotfish to changes in resource abundance will be increasingly important for effective ecosystem-based management.
期刊介绍:
Coral Reefs, the Journal of the International Coral Reef Society, presents multidisciplinary literature across the broad fields of reef studies, publishing analytical and theoretical papers on both modern and ancient reefs. These encourage the search for theories about reef structure and dynamics, and the use of experimentation, modeling, quantification and the applied sciences.
Coverage includes such subject areas as population dynamics; community ecology of reef organisms; energy and nutrient flows; biogeochemical cycles; physiology of calcification; reef responses to natural and anthropogenic influences; stress markers in reef organisms; behavioural ecology; sedimentology; diagenesis; reef structure and morphology; evolutionary ecology of the reef biota; palaeoceanography of coral reefs and coral islands; reef management and its underlying disciplines; molecular biology and genetics of coral; aetiology of disease in reef-related organisms; reef responses to global change, and more.