美国佛罗里达群岛珊瑚礁衰退 12 年后鹦嘴鱼食珊瑚模式的转变

IF 2.7 2区 生物学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
Andrew A. Shantz, Mark C. Ladd
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当珊瑚覆盖率下降时,鹦嘴鱼的数量反应可以促进自上而下的藻类控制,帮助珊瑚礁恢复。然而,许多鹦嘴鱼都是面性珊瑚食性鱼类,它们对珊瑚减少的数量反应或功能反应如何改变它们与珊瑚猎物的相互作用,从而形成它们对幸存珊瑚的影响,我们却知之甚少。在这里,我们利用在佛罗里达群岛相隔十多年进行的底栖动物和鱼类调查,来评估珊瑚群落发生了怎样的变化,以及这些变化对鹦嘴鱼及其对珊瑚的捕食率产生了怎样的影响。我们发现,干扰和疾病继续导致珊瑚覆盖率下降,珊瑚群落组成发生变化,但鹦嘴鱼的数量却没有变化。反过来,虽然鹦嘴鱼对某些珊瑚类群的珊瑚食性保持相对稳定,甚至有所下降,但对偏爱的分枝海鹦嘴鱼物种的捕食频率却增加了 10%,而且当与活体组织面积标准化时,捕食强度增加了 50%。这些由珊瑚介导的捕食变化与同种生物覆盖率的下降相关联,表明了衰减性捕食,这会破坏营养相互作用的稳定性,使猎物密度降低甚至灭绝。如果没有强大的鹦嘴鱼种群,珊瑚礁就无法从干扰中恢复,但我们的研究表明,鹦嘴鱼的珊瑚食性对珊瑚群落结构有重要影响,在长期退化后,一些衰退的珊瑚种群的恢复或持续能力也会受到影响。在一个珊瑚每年都会漂白的世界里,了解食珊瑚的鹦嘴鱼对资源丰度变化的功能反应对于有效的生态系统管理将越来越重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Shifting patterns in parrotfish corallivory after 12 years of decline on coral depauperate reefs in the Florida Keys, USA

Shifting patterns in parrotfish corallivory after 12 years of decline on coral depauperate reefs in the Florida Keys, USA

When coral cover declines, numeric responses of parrotfish can facilitate top-down control of algae and help reefs recover. Yet many parrotfish are facultative corallivores and we know surprisingly little about how their numeric or functional responses to coral decline modify their interactions with coral prey to shape their impacts on surviving corals. Here, we use benthic and fish surveys conducted in the Florida Keys more than a decade apart to assess how coral communities have changed, and how these changes have impacted parrotfish and their predation rates on corals. We found that disturbances and disease have continued to drive declines in coral cover and changes in coral community composition, but that the parrotfish abundance has not changed. In turn, while parrotfish corallivory has remained relatively constant or even declined for some coral taxa, predation on preferred branching Porites species increased 10% in frequency and, when normalized to live tissue area, > 50% in intensity. These coral-mediated shifts in predation correlated with declines in conspecific cover and are indicative of depensatory predation, which can destabilize trophic interactions and drive prey to low densities or even extinction. While coral reefs cannot recover from disturbances without robust parrotfish populations, our study suggests that parrotfish corallivory has important ramifications for coral community structure and, after prolonged degradation, the ability of some diminished coral populations to recover or persist. In a world where corals bleach annually, understanding the functional responses of corallivorous parrotfish to changes in resource abundance will be increasingly important for effective ecosystem-based management.

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来源期刊
Coral Reefs
Coral Reefs 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
11.40%
发文量
111
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Coral Reefs, the Journal of the International Coral Reef Society, presents multidisciplinary literature across the broad fields of reef studies, publishing analytical and theoretical papers on both modern and ancient reefs. These encourage the search for theories about reef structure and dynamics, and the use of experimentation, modeling, quantification and the applied sciences. Coverage includes such subject areas as population dynamics; community ecology of reef organisms; energy and nutrient flows; biogeochemical cycles; physiology of calcification; reef responses to natural and anthropogenic influences; stress markers in reef organisms; behavioural ecology; sedimentology; diagenesis; reef structure and morphology; evolutionary ecology of the reef biota; palaeoceanography of coral reefs and coral islands; reef management and its underlying disciplines; molecular biology and genetics of coral; aetiology of disease in reef-related organisms; reef responses to global change, and more.
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