Souhayla Kodad, Christina M. Müller, Mohammad Jawarneh, Annette Becker, Moritz Sanne, Alexander Pfriem, Ahmed Elamrani, Aatika Mihamou, Malika Abid
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Analysis of the extremely diverse local Moroccan almond cultivars provides essential resources for conservation and breeding
Almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) is a major tree nut species and consumed worldwide. Morocco maintains a long-standing presence of domesticated almonds, hosting a secondary genetic diversity hotspot that demands safeguarding as an important resource for future almond breeding programs. Here, we assessed the pomological diversity of local Beldi almond ecotypes to detect elite trees based on nuts and kernels characteristics. A significant correlation was found among some studied variables. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for quantitative traits showed that two components explained 78.91% of the total variation and revealed that traits related to fruits contribute to a large proportion of the observed variability. Then, a comprehensive genetic study of 98 almond accession including 93 of the Beldi ecotype and five non-Moroccan cultivars by analyzing 12 Simple Sequence Repeats markers showed high Polymorphism Information Content. We used population structure and PCA to analyze the molecular variance and described the genetic diversity of the identified subpopulations. We identified five subpopulations with little genetic differentiation, but two subpopulations have high genetic diversity. These subpopulations represent promising genetic pools developing novel almond cultivars that can provide high yield in adverse conditions, thereby fostering profitable Moroccan breeding programs for sustainable almond agriculture.
期刊介绍:
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution is devoted to all aspects of plant genetic resources research. It publishes original articles in the fields of taxonomical, morphological, physiological, biochemical, genetical, cytological or ethnobotanical research of genetic resources and includes contributions to gene-bank management in a broad sense, that means to collecting, maintenance, evaluation, storage and documentation.
Areas of particular interest include:
-crop evolution
-domestication
-crop-weed relationships
-related wild species
-history of cultivated plants including palaeoethnobotany.
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution also publishes short communications, e.g. newly described crop taxa, nomenclatural notes, reports of collecting missions, evaluation results of gene-bank material etc. as well as book reviews of important publications in the field of genetic resources.
Every volume will contain some review articles on actual problems. The journal is the internationalized continuation of the German periodical Die Kulturpflanze, published formerly by the Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research at Gatersleben, Germany.
All contributions are in the English language and are subject to peer reviewing.