A comprehensive discussion on various methods of generating fractal-like Bézier curves

This article explores various techniques for generating fractal-like Bézier curves in both 2D and 3D environments. It delves into methods such as subdivision schemes, Iterated Function System (IFS) theory, perturbation of Bézier curves, and perturbation of Bézier basis functions. The article outlines conditions on subdivision matrices necessary for convergence and demonstrates their use in creating an IFS with an attractor aligned to the convergent point of the subdivision scheme based on specified initial data. Additionally, it discusses conditions for obtaining a one-sided approximation of a given Bézier curve through perturbation. The article also addresses considerations for perturbed Bézier basis functions to construct fractal-like Bézier curves that remain within the convex hull polygon/polyhedron defined by control points. These methods find applications in various fields, including computer graphics, art, and design.