为什么在以研究为基础的植物育种中,环境对性别平等成果至关重要?尼日利亚玉米案例

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Mastewal Yami, Martina Cavicchioli, Steven M. Cole, Tesfamicheal Wossen, Tahirou Abdoulaye
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在尼日利亚和非洲其他地区,玉米是保障粮食安全和改善生计的重要作物。例如,能够帮助农民提高生产率和盈利能力的玉米品种可以帮助他们实现这些发展成果。环境因素决定了女性和男性对特定玉米性状和品种的偏好,从而影响了品种的吸收和品种对保障人们生计的贡献。要在以研究为基础的玉米育种工作中实现性别平等,了解背景因素至关重要。我们回顾了尼日利亚玉米改良品种的需求和获取方面的文献,通过使用一个框架来帮助育种计划更好地促进性别平等,从而通过提高吸收率来增强其影响力。研究结果表明,在育种项目中,对社会规范在形成男女玉米种植者协商生产相关决策、形成性状偏好和获得改良玉米品种的环境中的作用的关注十分有限,同时也缺乏人种植物学方法。为促进性别平等成果,玉米育种计划应找出促使女性和男性对品种产生偏好的原因,以及他们获得具有合适特征的改良品种的不同能力。为实现这一目标,应在品种开发的最初阶段就纳入基于性别的本土知识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Why Contexts Matter for Gender Equal Outcomes in Research-Based Plant Breeding: The Case of Maize in Nigeria

Why Contexts Matter for Gender Equal Outcomes in Research-Based Plant Breeding: The Case of Maize in Nigeria

Maize is an important crop for food security and livelihood improvement in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa. Maize varieties that enable farmers to increase their productivity and profitability, for example, can help them achieve these development outcomes. Contextual factors shape women’s and men’s preferences for specific maize traits and varieties, thus influencing varietal uptake and the contribution varieties make towards securing people’s livelihoods. Understanding contextual factors is paramount to pursuing gender equal outcomes within research-based maize breeding. We review literature on the demand for and access to improved maize varieties in Nigeria by using a framework that helps breeding programs become more gender-responsive and, thereby, enhance their impact via increased uptake. Findings show that attention towards the role of social norms in shaping the contexts where women and men maize farmers negotiate production-related decisions, form trait preferences, and access improved maize varieties has been limited within breeding programs, while ethnobotanical approaches are absent. To boost gender equal outcomes, maize breeding programs should identify the reasons motivating women’s and men’s varietal preferences and their different capacities to access improved varieties with the suited characteristics. To pursue this objective, gender-based Indigenous knowledge should be integrated since the first stages of varietal development.

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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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