法国阿尔卑斯山钙质和硅质林带生态区中三种针叶树的微生境偏好

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Lirey A. Ramírez, Lukas Flinspach, Nada Nikolić , Johanna Toivonen, Maaike Y. Bader
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引用次数: 0

摘要

树苗的建立对于树种在树线生态带以上的海拔提升至关重要,但人们对高山生态系统中树木再生的安全地点的特征和可用性了解不多。为了更好地了解树线生态带出现填充或上移的可能性,我们在法国阿尔卑斯山基岩化学性质不同的上树线生态带评估了针叶树 Larix decidua、Pinus uncinata 和 Pinus cembra 的微生境偏好。在钙质基岩和硅质基岩的两个地点,我们将 50 个树木个体的微生境与随机选择的 50 个参考微生境进行了比较,并考虑了基质、地面覆盖物、地形和栖息地的远近。此外,我们还将这些特征与个体的健康状况联系起来。我们发现,这三种树种在相似的微地生长,通常都有一些遮蔽物。占据的微生境反映了该地区可用的微生境,但某些极端微生境类型仍然无人占据。大多数个体的形态是克鲁姆霍尔茨(krummholz)或弯曲,只有一小部分个体有近期机械损伤、干燥、雪霉或草食的迹象,这与微生境特征无关。我们的研究表明,安全地点的可获得性不太可能限制这些针叶树在研究地点的生长,相反,种子的可获得性可能是这些高山-干线生态区树木生长的主要限制因素。即使在安全的地点,严酷的高山条件也限制了树种个体向大树的发展,但最近观察到的强劲的长度增长表明,在目前的林线生态带及以上地区,树木的最终扩展条件是有利的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Microsite preferences of three conifers in calcareous and siliceous treeline ecotones in the French alps

Microsite preferences of three conifers in calcareous and siliceous treeline ecotones in the French alps

Seedling establishment is crucial for elevational advance of tree species above the treeline ecotone, but the characteristics and availability of safe sites for tree regeneration in alpine ecosystems are not well understood. To better understand the potential of treeline ecotones to show infilling or upward shifts, we assessed microsite preferences of the conifers Larix decidua, Pinus uncinata, and Pinus cembra in upper treeline ecotones with different bedrock chemistry in the French Alps. At each of two sites on calcareous and two on siliceous bedrock, we compared microsites of 50 tree individuals to 50 randomly-selected reference microsites, considering substrate, ground cover, topography, and shelter proximity. In addition, we related these characteristics with the health of the individuals. We found that the three species were established in similar microsites, usually with some shelter. The occupied microsites reflected the available microsites in the area, but certain extreme microsite types remained unoccupied. Most individuals had a krummholz form or were bent, while only a small proportion presented signs of recent mechanical damage, desiccation, snow mold or herbivory, independent of microsite characteristics. Our study shows that the availability of safe sites unlikely limits the establishment of these conifers in the studied sites, suggesting that, instead, seed availability may be a major limitation for tree establishment in these alpine-treeline ecotones. Even in safe sites, the harsh alpine conditions limit the development of tree-species individuals into tree stature, but the strong recent length growth observed suggests favorable conditions for eventual tree expansion in and above current treeline ecotones.

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来源期刊
Alpine Botany
Alpine Botany PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
18.50%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Alpine Botany is an international journal providing a forum for plant science studies at high elevation with links to fungal and microbial ecology, including vegetation and flora of mountain regions worldwide.
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