直接观察冈比亚农村学童的社会接触模式

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Isaac Osei , Emmanuel Mendy , Kevin van Zandvoort , Olimatou Jobe , Golam Sarwar , Baleng Mahama Wutor , Stefan Flasche , Nuredin I. Mohammed , Jane Bruce , Brian Greenwood , Grant A. Mackenzie
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:由于学校中密切接触者较多,学龄儿童在许多呼吸道病原体的传播中扮演着重要角色。代理报告的接触数据的有效性和准确性可能有限,尤其是对上学的儿童而言。我们观察了学校内的社会接触情况,并评估了冈比亚农村地区学生的代理报告数据与观察到的身体接触数据的准确性。我们到学校探访了参与者,并在两个小时内观察了他们在教室内外的接触模式。我们记录了接触类型、接触者的性别和大致年龄以及班级人数。我们计算了年龄分层接触矩阵,以确定校内接触模式。我们比较了家长或看护人在报告校内接触的同一天随机接受观察的参与者(18%)的委托人报告的估计身体接触情况。接触次数的中位数为 15 次(IQR:11-20)。接触模式与年龄密切相关,主要涉及身体接触(67.5%)。5-9 岁年龄组的平均接触次数最多[19.0(95 %CI:16.7-21.3)],而≥15 岁年龄组的接触次数较少[12.8(95 %CI:10.9-14.7)]。有 40 名参与者(18%)的学校观察接触数据是在其看护人报告其估计的在校身体接触次数的同一天收集的;只有 22.5% 的参与者的观察接触次数与报告接触次数的一致性在 ±2 次以内。结论在冈比亚农村地区的学校中观察到的学生社会接触率很高,具有很强的年龄排序性和身体接触性。在对传染病传播进行模拟研究时,代理报告的学校接触率可能会低估学龄儿童的影响。需要新的方法来量化校内接触。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Directly observed social contact patterns among school children in rural Gambia

Introduction

School-aged children play a major role in the transmission of many respiratory pathogens due to high rate of close contacts in schools. The validity and accuracy of proxy-reported contact data may be limited, particularly for children when attending school. We observed social contacts within schools and assessed the accuracy of proxy-reported versus observed physical contact data among students in rural Gambia.

Methods

We enrolled school children who had also been recruited to a survey of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and social contacts. We visited participants at school and observed their contact patterns within and outside the classroom for two hours. We recorded the contact type, gender and approximate age of the contactee, and class size. We calculated age-stratified contact matrices to determine in-school contact patterns. We compared proxy-reported estimated physical contacts for the subset of participants (18 %) randomised to be observed on the same day for which the parent or caregiver reported the school contacts.

Results

We recorded 3822 contacts for 219 participants from 114 schools. The median number of contacts was 15 (IQR: 11–20). Contact patterns were strongly age-assortative, and mainly involved physical touch (67.5 %). Those aged 5–9 years had the highest mean number of contacts [19.0 (95 %CI: 16.7–21.3)] while the ≥ 15-year age group had fewer contacts [12.8 (95 %CI: 10.9–14.7)]. Forty (18 %) participants had their school-observed contact data collected on the same day as their caregiver reported their estimated physical contacts at school; only 22.5 % had agreement within ±2 contacts between the observed and reported contacts. Fifty-eight percent of proxy-reported contacts were under-estimates.

Conclusions

Social contact rates observed among pupils at schools in rural Gambia were high, strongly age-assortative, and physical. Reporting of school contacts by proxies may underestimate the effect of school-age children in modelling studies of transmission of infections. New approaches are needed to quantify contacts within schools.

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来源期刊
Epidemics
Epidemics INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
7.90%
发文量
92
审稿时长
140 days
期刊介绍: Epidemics publishes papers on infectious disease dynamics in the broadest sense. Its scope covers both within-host dynamics of infectious agents and dynamics at the population level, particularly the interaction between the two. Areas of emphasis include: spread, transmission, persistence, implications and population dynamics of infectious diseases; population and public health as well as policy aspects of control and prevention; dynamics at the individual level; interaction with the environment, ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, as well as population genetics of infectious agents.
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