{"title":"创伤患者输注 TXA 和全血不会增加 VTE 风险,但休克指数会增加 VTE 风险。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115931","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in combination with packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion in trauma patients without increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the effect of TXA in combination with whole blood (WB) has not been studied. Injury, abbreviated injury severity scores (ISS and AIS) and the need for blood transfusions are historically associated with VTE. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between VTE and the combination of TXA administration and transfusion of PRBCs vs. WB.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Our institutional trauma registry was queried for trauma patients between 2015 and 2022 who received either WB + TXA or PRBC + TXA either prehospital or within 4 h of arrival. Multivariate analysis was utilized to determine independent risk factors for VTE, which were defined as either a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or a pulmonary embolism (PE). Model covariates included age, mechanism of injury (MOI), ISS, lower extremity AIS, comorbid conditions, and shock index (SI). Additional outcomes analyzed were hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and ventilator days.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three hundred and five patients had complete data and were included in the analysis. Of those, 251 received WB + TXA and 54 received PRBC + TXA. A total of 34 patients were found to have VTE event (11.1 %); 28 (11.2 %) and 6 (11.1 %) from the WB + TXA and PRBC + TXA groups, respectively. An elevated pre-hospital SI was independently associated with increased VTE rate (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.07–3.20). WB transfusion, TXA administration, ISS, and MOI did not influence the rate of VTE.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These data demonstrate that the combination of WB + TXA administered to trauma patients has no higher risk of VTE than patients who receive PRBC + TXA, a comparison that has not been studied clinically to date. Despite the pro thrombotic state enhanced by TXA and the decreased dilutional coagulopathy seen in WB resuscitation, there was no increased risk of VTE compared to TXA + PRBC. There is no evidence that TXA combined with whole blood transfusion is associated with an increased risk of VTE. However, higher pre-hospital SI was associated with an elevated rate of VTE. These clinical features provide insight into patients who may be at an increased risk of developing VTE and may benefit from targeted prevention strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7771,"journal":{"name":"American journal of surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"TXA combined with whole blood transfusion in trauma patients does not increase the risk of VTE but shock index does\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115931\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in combination with packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion in trauma patients without increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the effect of TXA in combination with whole blood (WB) has not been studied. Injury, abbreviated injury severity scores (ISS and AIS) and the need for blood transfusions are historically associated with VTE. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between VTE and the combination of TXA administration and transfusion of PRBCs vs. WB.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Our institutional trauma registry was queried for trauma patients between 2015 and 2022 who received either WB + TXA or PRBC + TXA either prehospital or within 4 h of arrival. Multivariate analysis was utilized to determine independent risk factors for VTE, which were defined as either a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or a pulmonary embolism (PE). Model covariates included age, mechanism of injury (MOI), ISS, lower extremity AIS, comorbid conditions, and shock index (SI). Additional outcomes analyzed were hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and ventilator days.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three hundred and five patients had complete data and were included in the analysis. Of those, 251 received WB + TXA and 54 received PRBC + TXA. A total of 34 patients were found to have VTE event (11.1 %); 28 (11.2 %) and 6 (11.1 %) from the WB + TXA and PRBC + TXA groups, respectively. An elevated pre-hospital SI was independently associated with increased VTE rate (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.07–3.20). WB transfusion, TXA administration, ISS, and MOI did not influence the rate of VTE.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These data demonstrate that the combination of WB + TXA administered to trauma patients has no higher risk of VTE than patients who receive PRBC + TXA, a comparison that has not been studied clinically to date. Despite the pro thrombotic state enhanced by TXA and the decreased dilutional coagulopathy seen in WB resuscitation, there was no increased risk of VTE compared to TXA + PRBC. There is no evidence that TXA combined with whole blood transfusion is associated with an increased risk of VTE. However, higher pre-hospital SI was associated with an elevated rate of VTE. These clinical features provide insight into patients who may be at an increased risk of developing VTE and may benefit from targeted prevention strategies.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7771,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American journal of surgery\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American journal of surgery\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002961024004835\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SURGERY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American journal of surgery","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002961024004835","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SURGERY","Score":null,"Total":0}
TXA combined with whole blood transfusion in trauma patients does not increase the risk of VTE but shock index does
Introduction
Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration in combination with packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion in trauma patients without increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the effect of TXA in combination with whole blood (WB) has not been studied. Injury, abbreviated injury severity scores (ISS and AIS) and the need for blood transfusions are historically associated with VTE. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between VTE and the combination of TXA administration and transfusion of PRBCs vs. WB.
Methods
Our institutional trauma registry was queried for trauma patients between 2015 and 2022 who received either WB + TXA or PRBC + TXA either prehospital or within 4 h of arrival. Multivariate analysis was utilized to determine independent risk factors for VTE, which were defined as either a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or a pulmonary embolism (PE). Model covariates included age, mechanism of injury (MOI), ISS, lower extremity AIS, comorbid conditions, and shock index (SI). Additional outcomes analyzed were hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and ventilator days.
Results
Three hundred and five patients had complete data and were included in the analysis. Of those, 251 received WB + TXA and 54 received PRBC + TXA. A total of 34 patients were found to have VTE event (11.1 %); 28 (11.2 %) and 6 (11.1 %) from the WB + TXA and PRBC + TXA groups, respectively. An elevated pre-hospital SI was independently associated with increased VTE rate (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.07–3.20). WB transfusion, TXA administration, ISS, and MOI did not influence the rate of VTE.
Conclusion
These data demonstrate that the combination of WB + TXA administered to trauma patients has no higher risk of VTE than patients who receive PRBC + TXA, a comparison that has not been studied clinically to date. Despite the pro thrombotic state enhanced by TXA and the decreased dilutional coagulopathy seen in WB resuscitation, there was no increased risk of VTE compared to TXA + PRBC. There is no evidence that TXA combined with whole blood transfusion is associated with an increased risk of VTE. However, higher pre-hospital SI was associated with an elevated rate of VTE. These clinical features provide insight into patients who may be at an increased risk of developing VTE and may benefit from targeted prevention strategies.
期刊介绍:
The American Journal of Surgery® is a peer-reviewed journal designed for the general surgeon who performs abdominal, cancer, vascular, head and neck, breast, colorectal, and other forms of surgery. AJS is the official journal of 7 major surgical societies* and publishes their official papers as well as independently submitted clinical studies, editorials, reviews, brief reports, correspondence and book reviews.