信息管理中的伦理考量:系统性范围审查。

IF 3.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
JMIR infodemiology Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.2196/56307
Federico Germani, Giovanni Spitale, Sandra Varaidzo Machiri, Calvin Wai Loon Ho, Isabella Ballalai, Nikola Biller-Andorno, Andreas Alois Reis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:在突发卫生事件中,有效的信息管理已成为一项重大挑战。新时代的特点是信息生态系统瞬息万变,加上错误信息和虚假信息的广泛传播,使问题变得更加复杂。要使信息流行病管理措施有效、可接受且值得信赖,就需要一个强有力的伦理考虑框架:本系统性综述旨在确定和分析与信息流管理相关的伦理考虑因素和程序原则,最终提高这些措施的有效性,并增强利益相关者对信息流管理措施的信任,从而达到保障公众健康的目的:方法:本次研究对 2002 年至 2022 年期间与信息流行病管理中的伦理因素有关的文献进行了全面审查,审查内容来自 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 中的出版物。搜索策略还包括政策文件和相关资料。我们根据纳入和排除标准对论文进行了筛选,并按照 PRISMA(系统综述和 Meta 分析首选报告项目)指南对核心主题领域进行了系统的识别和分类。我们对文献进行了分析,以确定对指导信息流管理和社会倾听领域的行动至关重要的实质性伦理原则,以及相关的程序性伦理原则。在本综述中,我们考虑了文献中广泛讨论的伦理原则,如公平、正义或尊重自主权。不过,我们也承认程序性实践的存在和相关性,我们也将其视为伦理原则或实践,这些原则或实践在实施时可提高信息学术管理的效率,同时确保尊重实质性伦理原则:从 103 篇出版物中,我们得出了一些与信息流管理方面的伦理原则、方法和实践指南有关的重要结论。社区参与、通过教育增强能力和包容性成为程序性原则和做法,这些原则和做法提高了传播和社会倾听工作的质量和有效性,促进了信任--一个新出现的关键主题和重要的伦理原则。审查还强调了数据收集的透明度、隐私和网络安全的重要性:本综述强调了伦理在提高信息管理效率方面的关键作用。从分析的文献中可以明显看出,伦理因素是培养信任和可信度的重要工具,同时也有利于信息流管理方法的中期和长期可行性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ethical Considerations in Infodemic Management: Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: During health emergencies, effective infodemic management has become a paramount challenge. A new era marked by a rapidly changing information ecosystem, combined with the widespread dissemination of misinformation and disinformation, has magnified the complexity of the issue. For infodemic management measures to be effective, acceptable, and trustworthy, a robust framework of ethical considerations is needed.

Objective: This systematic scoping review aims to identify and analyze ethical considerations and procedural principles relevant to infodemic management, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of these practices and increasing trust in stakeholders performing infodemic management practices with the goal of safeguarding public health.

Methods: The review involved a comprehensive examination of the literature related to ethical considerations in infodemic management from 2002 to 2022, drawing from publications in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Policy documents and relevant material were included in the search strategy. Papers were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and core thematic areas were systematically identified and categorized following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We analyzed the literature to identify substantive ethical principles that were crucial for guiding actions in the realms of infodemic management and social listening, as well as related procedural ethical principles. In this review, we consider ethical principles that are extensively deliberated upon in the literature, such as equity, justice, or respect for autonomy. However, we acknowledge the existence and relevance of procedural practices, which we also consider as ethical principles or practices that, when implemented, enhance the efficacy of infodemic management while ensuring the respect of substantive ethical principles.

Results: Drawing from 103 publications, the review yielded several key findings related to ethical principles, approaches, and guidelines for practice in the context of infodemic management. Community engagement, empowerment through education, and inclusivity emerged as procedural principles and practices that enhance the quality and effectiveness of communication and social listening efforts, fostering trust, a key emerging theme and crucial ethical principle. The review also emphasized the significance of transparency, privacy, and cybersecurity in data collection.

Conclusions: This review underscores the pivotal role of ethics in bolstering the efficacy of infodemic management. From the analyzed body of literature, it becomes evident that ethical considerations serve as essential instruments for cultivating trust and credibility while also facilitating the medium-term and long-term viability of infodemic management approaches.

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