Ajayi Fisayo Grace, Adekoya Adesola Olubunmi, Ogunlesi Tinuade Adetutu, Renner James Kweku, Abolurin Olufunmilola Olubisi, Obaya Fisayo Daniel
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Serum calcium and phosphate were assayed using the calorimetric method, while Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D) was assayed with ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) serum Vitamin D level was 55.07 ± 16.53 ng/ml, while the mean (±SD) serum calcium and phosphate were 2.27 ± 0.13 mmol/l and 1.28 ± 0.18 mmol/l, respectively. Eleven (5%) of the children had hypovitaminosis D, 23 (10.5%) had hypocalcaemia and 12 (5.5%) had hypophosphataemia. Factors found to be significantly associated with hypovitaminosis D included low consumption of milk and the use of a hijab veil, while malnutrition (both undernutrition and overnutrition) was significantly associated with hypocalcaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence levels of hypovitaminosis D and hypophosphataemia were low, while hypocalcaemia was more common. Low milk consumption and use of a hijab veil were risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, while malnutrition was a risk factor for hypocalcaemia. Malnourished children, especially overnourished ones, should be routinely screened for hypocalcaemia because of its high prevalence among them.</p>","PeriodicalId":19720,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":"31 3","pages":"213-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Vitamin D, Calcium and Phosphate Deficiency among Apparently Healthy Children Aged 6-24 Months in a Semi-urban Community in Southwest, Nigeria.\",\"authors\":\"Ajayi Fisayo Grace, Adekoya Adesola Olubunmi, Ogunlesi Tinuade Adetutu, Renner James Kweku, Abolurin Olufunmilola Olubisi, Obaya Fisayo Daniel\",\"doi\":\"10.4103/npmj.npmj_101_24\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adequate levels of calcium, phosphate and Vitamin D are essential for bone physiology and growth, as well as preventing some common childhood illnesses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the deficiencies of these nutrients and factors affecting their serum levels in Nigerian children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study that involved 220 apparently healthy children aged 6-24 months in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Serum calcium and phosphate were assayed using the calorimetric method, while Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D) was assayed with ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) serum Vitamin D level was 55.07 ± 16.53 ng/ml, while the mean (±SD) serum calcium and phosphate were 2.27 ± 0.13 mmol/l and 1.28 ± 0.18 mmol/l, respectively. Eleven (5%) of the children had hypovitaminosis D, 23 (10.5%) had hypocalcaemia and 12 (5.5%) had hypophosphataemia. Factors found to be significantly associated with hypovitaminosis D included low consumption of milk and the use of a hijab veil, while malnutrition (both undernutrition and overnutrition) was significantly associated with hypocalcaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence levels of hypovitaminosis D and hypophosphataemia were low, while hypocalcaemia was more common. Low milk consumption and use of a hijab veil were risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, while malnutrition was a risk factor for hypocalcaemia. Malnourished children, especially overnourished ones, should be routinely screened for hypocalcaemia because of its high prevalence among them.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19720,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal\",\"volume\":\"31 3\",\"pages\":\"213-219\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_101_24\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/9/2 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_101_24","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/9/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:充足的钙、磷酸盐和维生素 D 对骨骼生理和生长以及预防某些常见儿童疾病至关重要。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚儿童缺乏这些营养素的普遍程度以及影响其血清水平的因素:这是一项横断面研究,涉及尼日利亚奥贡州伊肯内地方政府地区 220 名 6-24 个月大的表面健康儿童。血清钙和磷酸盐用量热法进行测定,维生素 D(25-OH 维生素 D)用酶联免疫吸附法进行测定:平均(±标准差 [SD])血清维生素 D 水平为 55.07 ± 16.53 纳克/毫升,平均(±SD)血清钙和磷酸盐分别为 2.27 ± 0.13 毫摩尔/升和 1.28 ± 0.18 毫摩尔/升。11名儿童(5%)患有维生素D缺乏症,23名儿童(10.5%)患有低钙血症,12名儿童(5.5%)患有低磷血症。发现与维生素 D 缺乏明显相关的因素包括牛奶消费量低和使用头巾,而营养不良(包括营养不足和营养过剩)与低钙血症明显相关:结论:维生素 D 缺乏症和低磷血症的发病率较低,而低钙血症更为常见。低牛奶摄入量和佩戴头巾是导致维生素 D 过低的风险因素,而营养不良则是导致低钙血症的风险因素。营养不良的儿童,尤其是营养过剩的儿童,应定期接受低钙血症筛查,因为低钙血症在他们当中的发病率很高。
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Vitamin D, Calcium and Phosphate Deficiency among Apparently Healthy Children Aged 6-24 Months in a Semi-urban Community in Southwest, Nigeria.
Background: Adequate levels of calcium, phosphate and Vitamin D are essential for bone physiology and growth, as well as preventing some common childhood illnesses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the deficiencies of these nutrients and factors affecting their serum levels in Nigerian children.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved 220 apparently healthy children aged 6-24 months in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Serum calcium and phosphate were assayed using the calorimetric method, while Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D) was assayed with ELISA.
Results: The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) serum Vitamin D level was 55.07 ± 16.53 ng/ml, while the mean (±SD) serum calcium and phosphate were 2.27 ± 0.13 mmol/l and 1.28 ± 0.18 mmol/l, respectively. Eleven (5%) of the children had hypovitaminosis D, 23 (10.5%) had hypocalcaemia and 12 (5.5%) had hypophosphataemia. Factors found to be significantly associated with hypovitaminosis D included low consumption of milk and the use of a hijab veil, while malnutrition (both undernutrition and overnutrition) was significantly associated with hypocalcaemia.
Conclusion: The prevalence levels of hypovitaminosis D and hypophosphataemia were low, while hypocalcaemia was more common. Low milk consumption and use of a hijab veil were risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, while malnutrition was a risk factor for hypocalcaemia. Malnourished children, especially overnourished ones, should be routinely screened for hypocalcaemia because of its high prevalence among them.