妊娠期饮食模式与 1 型糖尿病妇女的母婴结局:胰岛自身免疫的环境决定因素 (ENDIA) 研究。

IF 8.4 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Diabetologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1007/s00125-024-06259-5
Rebecca L Thomson, James D Brown, Helena Oakey, Kirsten Palmer, Pat Ashwood, Megan A S Penno, Kelly J McGorm, Rachel Battersby, Peter G Colman, Maria E Craig, Elizabeth A Davis, Tony Huynh, Leonard C Harrison, Aveni Haynes, Richard O Sinnott, Peter J Vuillermin, John M Wentworth, Georgia Soldatos, Jennifer J Couper
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的/假设:蔬菜摄入量高的膳食模式可降低普通人群先兆子痫和早产的风险。对于妊娠并发症风险增加的 1 型糖尿病妇女,饮食模式的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查 1 型糖尿病妇女孕期饮食模式和体力活动与产妇并发症和分娩结果之间的关系。我们还比较了患有和未患有 1 型糖尿病妇女的饮食模式:方法:在胰岛自身免疫环境决定因素(ENDIA)多中心研究的前瞻性跟踪调查中,我们使用经过验证的食物频率问卷对参加者怀孕三个月的饮食进行了评估。通过主成分分析确定饮食模式的特征。妊娠期体力活动问卷在每个孕期完成。前瞻性地收集了孕产妇和分娩结果的数据:共有 973 名参与者在 1124 次妊娠中填写了问卷。与未患 1 型糖尿病的妇女相比,患 1 型糖尿病的妇女(n=615 名有饮食数据的孕妇)更有可能采用 "新鲜食物 "饮食模式(OR 1.19,95% CI 1.07,1.31;p=0.001)。在患有 1 型糖尿病的妇女中,"新鲜食物 "膳食模式得分从 1 分位数到 3 分位数的增加与较低的先兆子痫风险(OR 0.37,95% CI 0.17,0.78;p=0.01)和早产风险(OR 0.35,95% CI 0.20,0.62,p1c)相关。加工食品 "饮食模式与出生体重增加有关(β系数 56.8 g,95% CI 2.8,110.8;p=0.04)。体育锻炼与结果无关:怀孕期间多吃新鲜食物的饮食模式与大幅降低 1 型糖尿病妇女的先兆子痫和早产风险有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Dietary patterns during pregnancy and maternal and birth outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes: the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study.

Dietary patterns during pregnancy and maternal and birth outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes: the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study.

Aims/hypothesis: Dietary patterns characterised by high intakes of vegetables may lower the risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth in the general population. The effect of dietary patterns in women with type 1 diabetes, who have an increased risk of complications in pregnancy, is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and physical activity during pregnancy and maternal complications and birth outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes. We also compared dietary patterns in women with and without type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Diet was assessed in the third trimester using a validated food frequency questionnaire in participants followed prospectively in the multi-centre Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study. Dietary patterns were characterised by principal component analysis. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was completed in each trimester. Data for maternal and birth outcomes were collected prospectively.

Results: Questionnaires were completed by 973 participants during 1124 pregnancies. Women with type 1 diabetes (n=615 pregnancies with dietary data) were more likely to have a 'fresh food' dietary pattern than women without type 1 diabetes (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07, 1.31; p=0.001). In women with type 1 diabetes, an increase equivalent to a change from quartile 1 to 3 in 'fresh food' dietary pattern score was associated with a lower risk of pre-eclampsia (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17, 0.78; p=0.01) and premature birth (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20, 0.62, p<0.001). These associations were mediated in part by BMI and HbA1c. The 'processed food' dietary pattern was associated with an increased birthweight (β coefficient 56.8 g, 95% CI 2.8, 110.8; p=0.04). Physical activity did not relate to outcomes.

Conclusions/interpretation: A dietary pattern higher in fresh foods during pregnancy was associated with sizeable reductions in risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth in women with type 1 diabetes.

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来源期刊
Diabetologia
Diabetologia 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
18.10
自引率
2.40%
发文量
193
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Diabetologia, the authoritative journal dedicated to diabetes research, holds high visibility through society membership, libraries, and social media. As the official journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, it is ranked in the top quartile of the 2019 JCR Impact Factors in the Endocrinology & Metabolism category. The journal boasts dedicated and expert editorial teams committed to supporting authors throughout the peer review process.
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