生命早期的健康和表现与奶牛以后的寿命、生产率和盈利能力的关系

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
G.M. Dallago , I. Elsohaby , J.T. McClure , R. Lacroix , E. Vasseur
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引用次数: 0

摘要

选择和饲养更有可能发挥潜力的奶牛是提高牛奶生产效率和整体盈利能力的一项战略。然而,有必要制定指标,以便及早发现不太可能表现出色的动物,从而及早淘汰它们,并确保将资源分配给潜力最大的动物。本研究的目的是分析动物早期健康和性能与寿命、产量和盈利能力之间的关系。经过数据清理后,我们获得了加拿大新不伦瑞克省 8 个奶牛牧场 2014 年 6 月至 2015 年 11 月间出生的 363 头雌性小牛的以下早期生命指标(即预测因子)(平均值:45 头小牛/牧场;SD:0.05):平均值:45 头犊牛/牧场;标度:26.1 头犊牛/牧场;中位数:42 头犊牛/牧场;范围:1.0-2.0中位数:42 头/牧场;范围:15-95 头/牧场这些犊牛的出生体重、断奶体重、断奶日龄、断奶平均日增重(ADG)、免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 血清浓度、脐部感染、腹泻和肺炎的发生率,以及动物在出生至断奶期间是否接受过抗生素治疗。它们随后的寿命(LL)、生产寿命(LPL)、终生累积能量校正奶(ECM)和终生累积奶值(即响应变量)由加拿大奶牛群改良机构提供。使用 5 倍交叉验证对每个响应变量训练贝叶斯加性回归树模型。使用 RMSE 和 R2 对模型进行评估。使用置换法确定了三个最重要的预测因子,并使用累积局部效应图评估了响应变量与重要预测因子之间的关系。LL、LPL、ECM 和奶值的 RMSE 分别为 1.43 年、1.37 年、16 314.94 千克和 11 525.68 加元,而 R2 值分别为 0.30、0.25、0.29 和 0.29,表明预测因子与响应变量之间的关系适中。反应变量与重要预测因子之间存在非线性关系。出生体重过低或过高的动物与 LL、LPL、ECM 和奶值降低有关。1.9 月龄至 2.0 月龄断奶的犊牛的 LL、LPL 和奶值最高,而较大月龄断奶的犊牛的 LL、LPL 和奶值则有所下降。断奶 ADG 为 0.786 千克/天时,LL 和 ECM 最低,而 LPL 最低时为 0.787 千克/天。最后,当血清 IgG 值为 1 659 mg/dL 时,ECM 和奶值都最高。这些发现为优化早期淘汰决策、提高奶牛场的生产率和盈利能力提供了宝贵的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The associations of early-life health and performance with subsequent dairy cow longevity, productivity, and profitability

Selecting and raising dairy animals that are more likely to reach their potential is a strategy to increase milk production efficiency and overall profitability. However, indicators are necessary for the early identification of animals that are less likely to perform well, allowing for their early culling and ensuring that resources are allocated to those with the highest potential. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between early-life animal health and performance with longevity, production, and profitability. After data cleaning, the following early-life measures (i.e., predictors) were available for 363 female calves born between June 2014 and November 2015 in eight dairy herds from New Brunswick, Canada (average: 45 calves/farm; SD: 26.1 calves/farm; median: 42 calves/farm; range: 15–95 calves/farm): birth weight, weaning weight, weaning age, weaning average daily gain (weaning ADG), immunoglobulin G (IgG) serum concentration, the occurrence of navel infection, diarrhea, and pneumonia, and if animals received antibiotic treatment between birth and weaning. Their subsequent length of life (LL), length of productive life (LPL), lifetime cumulative energy-corrected milk (ECM), and lifetime cumulative milk value (i.e., response variables) were provided by the Canadian dairy herd improvement agency. Bayesian Additive Regression Tree models were trained for each response variable using 5-fold cross-validation. Models were evaluated using the RMSE and R2. The three most important predictors were identified using permutation, and the relationship between response variables and important predictors was assessed using accumulated local effect plots. The RMSE for LL, LPL, ECM, and milk value were 1.43 years, 1.37 years, 16 314.94 kg, and $CAD 11 525.68, respectively, whereas the R2 values were 0.30, 0.25, 0.29, and 0.29, respectively, indicating a moderate relationship between predictors and response variables. Non-linear relationships were found between the response variables and important predictors. Animals born with low or high birth weights were associated with decreased LL, LPL, ECM, and milk value. The highest LL, LPL, and milk value was observed for calves weaned between 1.9 and 2.0 months old, followed by a decline for calves weaned at older ages. The lowest LL and ECM were associated with weaning ADG of 0.786 kg/day, while 0.787 kg/day was associated with the lowest LPL. Lastly, both ECM and milk value were highest when serum IgG values were 1 659 mg/dL. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing early culling decisions and enhancing the productivity and profitability of dairy farms.

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来源期刊
Animal
Animal 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.80%
发文量
246
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Editorial board animal attracts the best research in animal biology and animal systems from across the spectrum of the agricultural, biomedical, and environmental sciences. It is the central element in an exciting collaboration between the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP) and represents a merging of three scientific journals: Animal Science; Animal Research; Reproduction, Nutrition, Development. animal publishes original cutting-edge research, ''hot'' topics and horizon-scanning reviews on animal-related aspects of the life sciences at the molecular, cellular, organ, whole animal and production system levels. The main subject areas include: breeding and genetics; nutrition; physiology and functional biology of systems; behaviour, health and welfare; farming systems, environmental impact and climate change; product quality, human health and well-being. Animal models and papers dealing with the integration of research between these topics and their impact on the environment and people are particularly welcome.
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