抗洪能力:澳大利亚亚热带河岸雨林对灾难性洪水的反应

IF 1.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Austral Ecology Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI:10.1111/aec.13585
Léandra Martiniello, Andrew G. Baker, John Campbell Grant, Graeme Palmer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

河岸类群受到动态的、强烈的、与洪水有关的压力因素的影响,并进化出在这种环境中生存的特性。气候变化引起的洪水泛滥对这些生态系统构成了威胁,而人们对它们对洪水泛滥的适应能力却知之甚少。2022 年 3 月,澳大利亚东部亚热带沿岸连续发生了两次大洪水(第一次洪水打破了历史记录),我们采用了基于持久性(重新萌发、幼苗招募)、植物结构(高度、DBH)和组合的方法,来评估老龄滨河雨林在洪水过后 12 个月内对严重洪水的恢复能力。较小的木本植物(茎高 10 米,DBH 30 厘米)受洪水的影响最大,而且影响显著。本地物种丰富度和植物密度(植株/m-2)在洪水前和洪水后 3 个月之间显著下降,洪水后继续显著增加,超过洪水前的值。总体而言,约 35% 的分类群表现为重新萌发,约 28% 的分类群表现为幼苗更新,约 11% 的分类群同时表现为重新萌发和更新。另外约有 21% 的本地分类群通过幼苗更新引入该地,还有 65 个入侵物种。基于模型的多变量分析表明,洪水在 3 个月时显著改变了群落的植物学特征(p = 0.026)。洪水过后 12 个月时,群落正在恢复,在花卉组成上与洪水前更为相似。河岸雨林对强洪水的恢复能力很强。不同地块的影响、持久性和恢复力各不相同,群落需要 12 个月的时间才能进入恢复期。我们发现,持续性、花卉结构和组成以及影响加权是衡量生态系统恢复能力的有效指标。在没有进一步连续事件的情况下,成熟期的河岸雨林在结构上和花卉上都有可能抵御气候变化引起的洪水泛滥。进一步的研究应以这一框架为基础,纳入杂草入侵物种的影响,以便更准确地评估影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Flood resilience: Response of an Australian sub-tropical riparian rainforest to catastrophic flooding

Flood resilience: Response of an Australian sub-tropical riparian rainforest to catastrophic flooding

Riparian taxa are subject to dynamic, intense, flood-related stressors, and have evolved traits to persist in this environment. Climate change-induced intensification of flood regimes pose a threat to these ecosystems, and little is understood about their resilience to this intensification. Following two consecutive major floods (the first flood record-breaking) along the subtropical coast of eastern Australia in March 2022, we used methods based on persistence (resprouting, seedling recruitment), and floristic structure (height, DBH) and assemblage, to assess the resilience of an old growth riparian rainforest to severe flooding in the 12-month post-flooding window. Smallerwoody plants (stems <10 m tall, <30 cm DBH) were the most impacted and were significantly impacted by flooding. Native species richness and plant density (plants/m−2) significantly decreased between before and 3 months post-flooding, after which they continued to significantly increase to surpass pre-flood values. Overall, ~35% of taxa exhibited resprouting, ~28% of taxa exhibited seedling recruitment, and ~11% exhibited both resprouting and recruitment. An additional ~21% native taxa were introduced to the site via seedling recruitment, along with 65 invasive species. Model-based multivariate analysis showed flooding significantly altered community floristics (p = 0.026) at 3 months. At 12 months post-flooding the community was recovering, becoming more floristically similar to its pre-flood composition. The riparian rainforest exhibited high resilience to intense flooding. Impact, persistence, and resilience varied amongplots, and the community took 12 months to move into recovery. We found that persistence, and floristic structure and composition weighted against impact were effective measures of ecosystem resilience. In the absence of further consecutive events, mature-phase riparian rainforests are likely to be structurally and floristically resilient to climate change-induced amplification of flood regimes. Further studies should build on this framework to include invasive weed species impacts, for a more accurate assessment of impacts.

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来源期刊
Austral Ecology
Austral Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
117
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Austral Ecology is the premier journal for basic and applied ecology in the Southern Hemisphere. As the official Journal of The Ecological Society of Australia (ESA), Austral Ecology addresses the commonality between ecosystems in Australia and many parts of southern Africa, South America, New Zealand and Oceania. For example many species in the unique biotas of these regions share common Gondwana ancestors. ESA''s aim is to publish innovative research to encourage the sharing of information and experiences that enrich the understanding of the ecology of the Southern Hemisphere. Austral Ecology involves an editorial board with representatives from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Brazil and Argentina. These representatives provide expert opinions, access to qualified reviewers and act as a focus for attracting a wide range of contributions from countries across the region. Austral Ecology publishes original papers describing experimental, observational or theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems, which are considered without taxonomic bias. Special thematic issues are published regularly, including symposia on the ecology of estuaries and soft sediment habitats, freshwater systems and coral reef fish.
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