{"title":"研究《平价医疗法案》对黑人男性和白人男性获得医疗服务的影响:对政策和实践的启示","authors":"Okechuku K. Enyia MPH, DrPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.047","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Black men experience poor health outcomes across a spectrum of chronic medical conditions and co-morbidities that ultimately lead to lower quality of life and premature death. Lack of access to medical care is one of many factors that contributes to these poor outcomes. This study examines the impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) on Black men's access to care compared to White men ages 18-64; and proposes strategies to help address any inequities. The ACA undergirds this study because it includes several provisions that are specifically meant to help address racial and ethnic health disparities and improve health outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study took a longitudinal approach by examining access to care among non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men ages 18-64 from 2011-2019. Using a publicly available secondary data source, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a descriptive and multi-variate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between race, sociodemographic characteristics, and two indicators of health care access (insurance status and usual source of care).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis found that the ACA decreased the proportions of non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men who were uninsured after 2014 by nearly 50%; however, racial disparities persisted. Other key findings are as follows: 1) race was a significant predictor of being uninsured, with non-Hispanic Black men having 30% greater odds than non-Hispanic White men of being uninsured and 2) non-Hispanic Black men had 25% lower odds than non-Hispanic White men of having a usual source of care.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Specific policy recommendations proposed include: 1) develop pathways to coverage for states that have yet to adopt Medicaid expansion and 2) use a multilevel approach to expand the proportion of men with a usual source of care that includes: a) disseminating educational messages to improve men's awareness of the value of having a regular source of care and b) facilitating health care delivery and payment reforms that incentivize health care institutions to increase the number of Black men who are meaningfully engaged with a regular source of care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17369,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Medical Association","volume":"116 4","pages":"Page 431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Examining the Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Access to Care For Black Men and White Men: Implications for Policy and Practice\",\"authors\":\"Okechuku K. Enyia MPH, DrPH\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jnma.2024.07.047\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Black men experience poor health outcomes across a spectrum of chronic medical conditions and co-morbidities that ultimately lead to lower quality of life and premature death. Lack of access to medical care is one of many factors that contributes to these poor outcomes. This study examines the impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) on Black men's access to care compared to White men ages 18-64; and proposes strategies to help address any inequities. The ACA undergirds this study because it includes several provisions that are specifically meant to help address racial and ethnic health disparities and improve health outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study took a longitudinal approach by examining access to care among non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men ages 18-64 from 2011-2019. Using a publicly available secondary data source, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a descriptive and multi-variate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between race, sociodemographic characteristics, and two indicators of health care access (insurance status and usual source of care).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis found that the ACA decreased the proportions of non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men who were uninsured after 2014 by nearly 50%; however, racial disparities persisted. Other key findings are as follows: 1) race was a significant predictor of being uninsured, with non-Hispanic Black men having 30% greater odds than non-Hispanic White men of being uninsured and 2) non-Hispanic Black men had 25% lower odds than non-Hispanic White men of having a usual source of care.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Specific policy recommendations proposed include: 1) develop pathways to coverage for states that have yet to adopt Medicaid expansion and 2) use a multilevel approach to expand the proportion of men with a usual source of care that includes: a) disseminating educational messages to improve men's awareness of the value of having a regular source of care and b) facilitating health care delivery and payment reforms that incentivize health care institutions to increase the number of Black men who are meaningfully engaged with a regular source of care.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17369,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the National Medical Association\",\"volume\":\"116 4\",\"pages\":\"Page 431\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the National Medical Association\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027968424001287\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the National Medical Association","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027968424001287","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Examining the Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Access to Care For Black Men and White Men: Implications for Policy and Practice
Introduction
Black men experience poor health outcomes across a spectrum of chronic medical conditions and co-morbidities that ultimately lead to lower quality of life and premature death. Lack of access to medical care is one of many factors that contributes to these poor outcomes. This study examines the impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) on Black men's access to care compared to White men ages 18-64; and proposes strategies to help address any inequities. The ACA undergirds this study because it includes several provisions that are specifically meant to help address racial and ethnic health disparities and improve health outcomes.
Methods
This study took a longitudinal approach by examining access to care among non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men ages 18-64 from 2011-2019. Using a publicly available secondary data source, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a descriptive and multi-variate analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between race, sociodemographic characteristics, and two indicators of health care access (insurance status and usual source of care).
Results
The analysis found that the ACA decreased the proportions of non-Hispanic Black men and non-Hispanic White men who were uninsured after 2014 by nearly 50%; however, racial disparities persisted. Other key findings are as follows: 1) race was a significant predictor of being uninsured, with non-Hispanic Black men having 30% greater odds than non-Hispanic White men of being uninsured and 2) non-Hispanic Black men had 25% lower odds than non-Hispanic White men of having a usual source of care.
Conclusion
Specific policy recommendations proposed include: 1) develop pathways to coverage for states that have yet to adopt Medicaid expansion and 2) use a multilevel approach to expand the proportion of men with a usual source of care that includes: a) disseminating educational messages to improve men's awareness of the value of having a regular source of care and b) facilitating health care delivery and payment reforms that incentivize health care institutions to increase the number of Black men who are meaningfully engaged with a regular source of care.
期刊介绍:
Journal of the National Medical Association, the official journal of the National Medical Association, is a peer-reviewed publication whose purpose is to address medical care disparities of persons of African descent.
The Journal of the National Medical Association is focused on specialized clinical research activities related to the health problems of African Americans and other minority groups. Special emphasis is placed on the application of medical science to improve the healthcare of underserved populations both in the United States and abroad. The Journal has the following objectives: (1) to expand the base of original peer-reviewed literature and the quality of that research on the topic of minority health; (2) to provide greater dissemination of this research; (3) to offer appropriate and timely recognition of the significant contributions of physicians who serve these populations; and (4) to promote engagement by member and non-member physicians in the overall goals and objectives of the National Medical Association.