Li-Xing Li , Jian-Wei Zi , Yu Liu , Guo-Qiang Tang , Hou-Min Li , Yong Zhang , Min-Xin You
{"title":"对岩浆岩中的巴德磊石-锆石对进行 SIMS U-Pb 测定,以确定一个镍-铜(PGE)矿床中岩浆成矿和热液再移动的年龄","authors":"Li-Xing Li , Jian-Wei Zi , Yu Liu , Guo-Qiang Tang , Hou-Min Li , Yong Zhang , Min-Xin You","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107556","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits associated with mafic–ultramafic rocks are the most important sources of Ni and platinum-group elements (PGE) in the world. These deposits also contain significant amounts of Cu. Such deposits are generally considered to have formed by multiple stages of primary magmatic concentration and secondary hydrothermal remobilization. However, constraining the ages of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits has proven challenging, particularly those that have experienced post-magmatic hydrothermal overprinting and remobilization. The lack of robust geochronology data has hindered understanding of the geological controls on this important type of mineralization. The Chibaisong Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit in the North China Craton is characterized by disseminated and net-textured ores formed by magmatic processes and overprinted by hydrothermal Cu-rich vein stockwork. The Cu-rich vein stockwork is fracture-controlled, and contains a mineral assemblage of Ni-Cu sulfides (chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite), amphibole and quartz. Chalcopyrite in the hydrothermal stockwork is relatively depleted in Ni but enriched in Ag and Cd compared with disseminated magmatic chalcopyrite, typical of hydrothermal superimposed ores as documented elsewhere. We identified baddeleyite-zircon pairs associated with Ni-Cu sulfides in hydrothermal superimposed ores of the Chibaisong deposit, in which the baddeleyite is unequivocally of primary igneous origin whereas the zircon represents the replacement product of baddeleyite during hydrothermal alteration. <em>In situ</em> SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite and zircon yielded weighted mean <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ages of 2181 ± 21 Ma and 1892 ± 33 Ma, respectively, interpreted as the timing of magmatic mineralization and subsequent hydrothermal remobilization of the Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit. Our results explain the large discrepancies in sulfide Re-Os ages previously obtained from this deposit. This study demonstrates that on the basis of detailed BSE imaging, <em>in situ</em> SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite-zircon pairs can provide robust age constraints for both magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits hosted in mafic–ultramafic intrusions, although further studies are needed to test whether the formation of such deposits commonly entails multiple stages of hydrothermal remobilization. Since baddeleyite or baddeleyite-zircon pairs are common accessory minerals in Ni-Cu-(PGE)-bearing mafic–ultramafic rocks, the dating approach employed in this study may be applicable to similar deposits elsewhere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"412 ","pages":"Article 107556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite-zircon pairs in mafic rocks to determine the ages of magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization in a Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit\",\"authors\":\"Li-Xing Li , Jian-Wei Zi , Yu Liu , Guo-Qiang Tang , Hou-Min Li , Yong Zhang , Min-Xin You\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107556\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits associated with mafic–ultramafic rocks are the most important sources of Ni and platinum-group elements (PGE) in the world. These deposits also contain significant amounts of Cu. Such deposits are generally considered to have formed by multiple stages of primary magmatic concentration and secondary hydrothermal remobilization. However, constraining the ages of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits has proven challenging, particularly those that have experienced post-magmatic hydrothermal overprinting and remobilization. The lack of robust geochronology data has hindered understanding of the geological controls on this important type of mineralization. The Chibaisong Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit in the North China Craton is characterized by disseminated and net-textured ores formed by magmatic processes and overprinted by hydrothermal Cu-rich vein stockwork. The Cu-rich vein stockwork is fracture-controlled, and contains a mineral assemblage of Ni-Cu sulfides (chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite), amphibole and quartz. Chalcopyrite in the hydrothermal stockwork is relatively depleted in Ni but enriched in Ag and Cd compared with disseminated magmatic chalcopyrite, typical of hydrothermal superimposed ores as documented elsewhere. We identified baddeleyite-zircon pairs associated with Ni-Cu sulfides in hydrothermal superimposed ores of the Chibaisong deposit, in which the baddeleyite is unequivocally of primary igneous origin whereas the zircon represents the replacement product of baddeleyite during hydrothermal alteration. <em>In situ</em> SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite and zircon yielded weighted mean <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ages of 2181 ± 21 Ma and 1892 ± 33 Ma, respectively, interpreted as the timing of magmatic mineralization and subsequent hydrothermal remobilization of the Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit. Our results explain the large discrepancies in sulfide Re-Os ages previously obtained from this deposit. This study demonstrates that on the basis of detailed BSE imaging, <em>in situ</em> SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite-zircon pairs can provide robust age constraints for both magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits hosted in mafic–ultramafic intrusions, although further studies are needed to test whether the formation of such deposits commonly entails multiple stages of hydrothermal remobilization. Since baddeleyite or baddeleyite-zircon pairs are common accessory minerals in Ni-Cu-(PGE)-bearing mafic–ultramafic rocks, the dating approach employed in this study may be applicable to similar deposits elsewhere.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49674,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Precambrian Research\",\"volume\":\"412 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107556\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Precambrian Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301926824002699\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Precambrian Research","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301926824002699","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite-zircon pairs in mafic rocks to determine the ages of magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization in a Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit
Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits associated with mafic–ultramafic rocks are the most important sources of Ni and platinum-group elements (PGE) in the world. These deposits also contain significant amounts of Cu. Such deposits are generally considered to have formed by multiple stages of primary magmatic concentration and secondary hydrothermal remobilization. However, constraining the ages of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits has proven challenging, particularly those that have experienced post-magmatic hydrothermal overprinting and remobilization. The lack of robust geochronology data has hindered understanding of the geological controls on this important type of mineralization. The Chibaisong Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposit in the North China Craton is characterized by disseminated and net-textured ores formed by magmatic processes and overprinted by hydrothermal Cu-rich vein stockwork. The Cu-rich vein stockwork is fracture-controlled, and contains a mineral assemblage of Ni-Cu sulfides (chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite), amphibole and quartz. Chalcopyrite in the hydrothermal stockwork is relatively depleted in Ni but enriched in Ag and Cd compared with disseminated magmatic chalcopyrite, typical of hydrothermal superimposed ores as documented elsewhere. We identified baddeleyite-zircon pairs associated with Ni-Cu sulfides in hydrothermal superimposed ores of the Chibaisong deposit, in which the baddeleyite is unequivocally of primary igneous origin whereas the zircon represents the replacement product of baddeleyite during hydrothermal alteration. In situ SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite and zircon yielded weighted mean 207Pb/206Pb ages of 2181 ± 21 Ma and 1892 ± 33 Ma, respectively, interpreted as the timing of magmatic mineralization and subsequent hydrothermal remobilization of the Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit. Our results explain the large discrepancies in sulfide Re-Os ages previously obtained from this deposit. This study demonstrates that on the basis of detailed BSE imaging, in situ SIMS U-Pb dating of baddeleyite-zircon pairs can provide robust age constraints for both magmatic mineralization and hydrothermal remobilization of Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits hosted in mafic–ultramafic intrusions, although further studies are needed to test whether the formation of such deposits commonly entails multiple stages of hydrothermal remobilization. Since baddeleyite or baddeleyite-zircon pairs are common accessory minerals in Ni-Cu-(PGE)-bearing mafic–ultramafic rocks, the dating approach employed in this study may be applicable to similar deposits elsewhere.
期刊介绍:
Precambrian Research publishes studies on all aspects of the early stages of the composition, structure and evolution of the Earth and its planetary neighbours. With a focus on process-oriented and comparative studies, it covers, but is not restricted to, subjects such as:
(1) Chemical, biological, biochemical and cosmochemical evolution; the origin of life; the evolution of the oceans and atmosphere; the early fossil record; palaeobiology;
(2) Geochronology and isotope and elemental geochemistry;
(3) Precambrian mineral deposits;
(4) Geophysical aspects of the early Earth and Precambrian terrains;
(5) Nature, formation and evolution of the Precambrian lithosphere and mantle including magmatic, depositional, metamorphic and tectonic processes.
In addition, the editors particularly welcome integrated process-oriented studies that involve a combination of the above fields and comparative studies that demonstrate the effect of Precambrian evolution on Phanerozoic earth system processes.
Regional and localised studies of Precambrian phenomena are considered appropriate only when the detail and quality allow illustration of a wider process, or when significant gaps in basic knowledge of a particular area can be filled.