{"title":"社区驱动的非正规住区改造是一种日常实践:城市和治理政策的作用","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107318","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>What factors contribute to the success of community-driven upgrading of informal settlements? The Rwandan government has adopted informal settlement upgrading and governance policies that allow citizens to participate in decision-making on issues that affect them in the Umudugudu—the smallest unit of governance. This study investigates how the government’s policy has enabled community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice, with a particular emphasis on developing and maintaining public infrastructure facilities in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. We conducted fieldwork, including interviews and observations, in Umudugudu of Kamwiza and Umudugudu of Mucyuranyana, located in the western part of Kigali City, from September to October 2019. We identified and mapped road pavements, drainage ditches, bridges, and communal water taps as public infrastructure facilities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with residents and committee members in charge of the resources and investigated the decision-making processes employed for their development and maintenance. We found that informal settlement upgrading and governance policies worked together to support the community-driven upgrading of public infrastructure facilities in Imidugudu.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> This approach enabled the community to mobilize government and community resources to develop and maintain public infrastructure facilities. Government funds supplemented the development of community-driven facilities, serving as an incentive to encourage further community contributions. Importantly, both landowning and renting households shared the burden of development costs. We argue that community-driven upgrading is possible when communities, markets, and governments function together. Notably, upgrading efforts become sustainable everyday practices when informal settlements are integrated into public policy in terms of governance structures, urban and housing policy, and land ownership. This integration fosters communities characterized by residents' sense of ownership and internal investment in the area, along with stable budget allocations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17933,"journal":{"name":"Land Use Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264837724002710/pdfft?md5=65c8d6fe720fcdeb7fb73772d2f6b70b&pid=1-s2.0-S0264837724002710-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice: The role of urban and governance policies\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107318\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>What factors contribute to the success of community-driven upgrading of informal settlements? The Rwandan government has adopted informal settlement upgrading and governance policies that allow citizens to participate in decision-making on issues that affect them in the Umudugudu—the smallest unit of governance. This study investigates how the government’s policy has enabled community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice, with a particular emphasis on developing and maintaining public infrastructure facilities in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. We conducted fieldwork, including interviews and observations, in Umudugudu of Kamwiza and Umudugudu of Mucyuranyana, located in the western part of Kigali City, from September to October 2019. We identified and mapped road pavements, drainage ditches, bridges, and communal water taps as public infrastructure facilities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with residents and committee members in charge of the resources and investigated the decision-making processes employed for their development and maintenance. We found that informal settlement upgrading and governance policies worked together to support the community-driven upgrading of public infrastructure facilities in Imidugudu.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> This approach enabled the community to mobilize government and community resources to develop and maintain public infrastructure facilities. Government funds supplemented the development of community-driven facilities, serving as an incentive to encourage further community contributions. Importantly, both landowning and renting households shared the burden of development costs. We argue that community-driven upgrading is possible when communities, markets, and governments function together. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
哪些因素有助于由社区推动的非正规住区改造取得成功?卢旺达政府采取了非正规住区改造和治理政策,允许公民在 Umudugudu(最小的治理单位)中参与影响他们的问题的决策。本研究调查了政府政策如何使社区驱动的非正规居住区改造成为一种日常实践,特别强调了卢旺达首都基加利的公共基础设施的开发和维护。我们于 2019 年 9 月至 10 月在基加利市西部的 Umudugudu of Kamwiza 和 Umudugudu of Mucyuranyana 进行了实地调查,包括访谈和观察。我们确定并绘制了作为公共基础设施的人行道、排水沟、桥梁和公用水龙头。我们对负责这些资源的居民和委员会成员进行了半结构化访谈,并调查了开发和维护这些资源的决策过程。我们发现,非正规住区改造和治理政策共同支持了伊米杜古杜社区主导的公共基础设施改造1。政府资金补充了社区驱动的设施建设,成为鼓励社区进一步做出贡献的动力。重要的是,拥有土地的家庭和租房家庭共同承担了开发成本。我们认为,当社区、市场和政府共同发挥作用时,社区驱动的升级改造是可能的。值得注意的是,当非正规住区在治理结构、城市和住房政策以及土地所有权方面被纳入公共政策时,改造工作就会成为可持续的日常实践。这种整合促进了以居民的主人翁意识和对该地区的内部投资以及稳定的预算分配为特征的社区发展。
Community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice: The role of urban and governance policies
What factors contribute to the success of community-driven upgrading of informal settlements? The Rwandan government has adopted informal settlement upgrading and governance policies that allow citizens to participate in decision-making on issues that affect them in the Umudugudu—the smallest unit of governance. This study investigates how the government’s policy has enabled community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice, with a particular emphasis on developing and maintaining public infrastructure facilities in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. We conducted fieldwork, including interviews and observations, in Umudugudu of Kamwiza and Umudugudu of Mucyuranyana, located in the western part of Kigali City, from September to October 2019. We identified and mapped road pavements, drainage ditches, bridges, and communal water taps as public infrastructure facilities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with residents and committee members in charge of the resources and investigated the decision-making processes employed for their development and maintenance. We found that informal settlement upgrading and governance policies worked together to support the community-driven upgrading of public infrastructure facilities in Imidugudu.1 This approach enabled the community to mobilize government and community resources to develop and maintain public infrastructure facilities. Government funds supplemented the development of community-driven facilities, serving as an incentive to encourage further community contributions. Importantly, both landowning and renting households shared the burden of development costs. We argue that community-driven upgrading is possible when communities, markets, and governments function together. Notably, upgrading efforts become sustainable everyday practices when informal settlements are integrated into public policy in terms of governance structures, urban and housing policy, and land ownership. This integration fosters communities characterized by residents' sense of ownership and internal investment in the area, along with stable budget allocations.
期刊介绍:
Land Use Policy is an international and interdisciplinary journal concerned with the social, economic, political, legal, physical and planning aspects of urban and rural land use.
Land Use Policy examines issues in geography, agriculture, forestry, irrigation, environmental conservation, housing, urban development and transport in both developed and developing countries through major refereed articles and shorter viewpoint pieces.