Catherine H Marshall, Benjamin A Teply, Jiayun Lu, Lia Oliveira, Hao Wang, Shifeng S Mao, W Kevin Kelly, Channing J Paller, Mark C Markowski, Samuel R Denmeade, Serina King, Rana Sullivan, Elai Davicioni, James A Proudfoot, Mario A Eisenberger, Michael A Carducci, Tamara L Lotan, Emmanuel S Antonarakis
{"title":"前列腺切除术后高风险生化复发前列腺癌的奥拉帕利（Olaparib）和雄激素剥夺治疗：一项非随机对照试验。","authors":"Catherine H Marshall, Benjamin A Teply, Jiayun Lu, Lia Oliveira, Hao Wang, Shifeng S Mao, W Kevin Kelly, Channing J Paller, Mark C Markowski, Samuel R Denmeade, Serina King, Rana Sullivan, Elai Davicioni, James A Proudfoot, Mario A Eisenberger, Michael A Carducci, Tamara L Lotan, Emmanuel S Antonarakis","doi":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.3074","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Olaparib is a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor that provides benefit in combination with hormonal therapies in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who harbor homologous recombination repair (HRR) alterations. Its efficacy in the absence of androgen deprivation therapy has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the activity of olaparib monotherapy among patients with high-risk biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This phase 2, single-arm nonrandomized controlled trial enrolled genetically unselected patients across 4 sites in the US from May 2017 to November 2022. Eligible patients had BCR disease following radical prostatectomy, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time of 6 months or shorter, an absolute PSA value of 1.0 ng/mL or higher, and a testosterone level of 150 ng/dL or higher.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Treatment was with olaparib, 300 mg, by mouth twice daily until doubling of the baseline PSA, clinical or radiographic progression, or unacceptable toxic effects.</p><p><strong>Main outcome and measure: </strong>The primary end point was a confirmed 50% or higher decline in PSA from baseline (PSA50). Key secondary end points were outcomes by HRR alteration status, as well as safety and tolerability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 51 male patients enrolled (mean [SD] age, 63.8 [6.8] years), 13 participants (26%) had a PSA50 response, all within the HRR-positive group (13 of 27 participants [48%]). All 11 participants with BRCA2 alterations experienced a PSA50 response. Common adverse events were fatigue in 32 participants (63%), nausea in 28 (55%), and leukopenia in 22 (43%), and were consistent with known adverse effects of olaparib.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this nonrandomized controlled trial, olaparib monotherapy led to high and durable PSA50 response rates in patients with BRCA2 alterations. Olaparib warrants further study as a treatment strategy for some patients with BCR prostate cancer but does not have sufficient activity in those without HRR alterations and should not be considered for those patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03047135.</p>","PeriodicalId":48661,"journal":{"name":"Jama Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1400-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":28.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11342218/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Olaparib Without Androgen Deprivation for High-Risk Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Following Prostatectomy: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.\",\"authors\":\"Catherine H Marshall, Benjamin A Teply, Jiayun Lu, Lia Oliveira, Hao Wang, Shifeng S Mao, W Kevin Kelly, Channing J Paller, Mark C Markowski, Samuel R Denmeade, Serina King, Rana Sullivan, Elai Davicioni, James A Proudfoot, Mario A Eisenberger, Michael A Carducci, Tamara L Lotan, Emmanuel S Antonarakis\",\"doi\":\"10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.3074\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Olaparib is a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor that provides benefit in combination with hormonal therapies in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who harbor homologous recombination repair (HRR) alterations. Its efficacy in the absence of androgen deprivation therapy has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the activity of olaparib monotherapy among patients with high-risk biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This phase 2, single-arm nonrandomized controlled trial enrolled genetically unselected patients across 4 sites in the US from May 2017 to November 2022. Eligible patients had BCR disease following radical prostatectomy, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time of 6 months or shorter, an absolute PSA value of 1.0 ng/mL or higher, and a testosterone level of 150 ng/dL or higher.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Treatment was with olaparib, 300 mg, by mouth twice daily until doubling of the baseline PSA, clinical or radiographic progression, or unacceptable toxic effects.</p><p><strong>Main outcome and measure: </strong>The primary end point was a confirmed 50% or higher decline in PSA from baseline (PSA50). Key secondary end points were outcomes by HRR alteration status, as well as safety and tolerability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 51 male patients enrolled (mean [SD] age, 63.8 [6.8] years), 13 participants (26%) had a PSA50 response, all within the HRR-positive group (13 of 27 participants [48%]). All 11 participants with BRCA2 alterations experienced a PSA50 response. Common adverse events were fatigue in 32 participants (63%), nausea in 28 (55%), and leukopenia in 22 (43%), and were consistent with known adverse effects of olaparib.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this nonrandomized controlled trial, olaparib monotherapy led to high and durable PSA50 response rates in patients with BRCA2 alterations. Olaparib warrants further study as a treatment strategy for some patients with BCR prostate cancer but does not have sufficient activity in those without HRR alterations and should not be considered for those patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03047135.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48661,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Jama Oncology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1400-1408\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":28.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11342218/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Jama Oncology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.3074\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jama Oncology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.3074","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","Score":null,"Total":0}
Olaparib Without Androgen Deprivation for High-Risk Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Following Prostatectomy: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.
Importance: Olaparib is a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor that provides benefit in combination with hormonal therapies in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who harbor homologous recombination repair (HRR) alterations. Its efficacy in the absence of androgen deprivation therapy has not been tested.
Objective: To determine the activity of olaparib monotherapy among patients with high-risk biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
Design, setting, and participants: This phase 2, single-arm nonrandomized controlled trial enrolled genetically unselected patients across 4 sites in the US from May 2017 to November 2022. Eligible patients had BCR disease following radical prostatectomy, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time of 6 months or shorter, an absolute PSA value of 1.0 ng/mL or higher, and a testosterone level of 150 ng/dL or higher.
Intervention: Treatment was with olaparib, 300 mg, by mouth twice daily until doubling of the baseline PSA, clinical or radiographic progression, or unacceptable toxic effects.
Main outcome and measure: The primary end point was a confirmed 50% or higher decline in PSA from baseline (PSA50). Key secondary end points were outcomes by HRR alteration status, as well as safety and tolerability.
Results: Of the 51 male patients enrolled (mean [SD] age, 63.8 [6.8] years), 13 participants (26%) had a PSA50 response, all within the HRR-positive group (13 of 27 participants [48%]). All 11 participants with BRCA2 alterations experienced a PSA50 response. Common adverse events were fatigue in 32 participants (63%), nausea in 28 (55%), and leukopenia in 22 (43%), and were consistent with known adverse effects of olaparib.
Conclusions and relevance: In this nonrandomized controlled trial, olaparib monotherapy led to high and durable PSA50 response rates in patients with BRCA2 alterations. Olaparib warrants further study as a treatment strategy for some patients with BCR prostate cancer but does not have sufficient activity in those without HRR alterations and should not be considered for those patients.
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At JAMA Oncology, our primary goal is to contribute to the advancement of oncology research and enhance patient care. As a leading journal in the field, we strive to publish influential original research, opinions, and reviews that push the boundaries of oncology science.
Our mission is to serve as the definitive resource for scientists, clinicians, and trainees in oncology globally. Through our innovative and timely scientific and educational content, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of cancer pathogenesis and the latest treatment advancements to our readers.
We are dedicated to effectively disseminating the findings of significant clinical research, major scientific breakthroughs, actionable discoveries, and state-of-the-art treatment pathways to the oncology community. Our ultimate objective is to facilitate the translation of new knowledge into tangible clinical benefits for individuals living with and surviving cancer.
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