Association between preoperative appendiceal histology grade and Pseudomyxoma peritonei grade offers a solution to avoid right hemicolectomy during cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC

Introduction & objectives

Treatment of PMP consists of appendectomy, cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and HIPEC. Right-sided hemicolectomy is necessary only when PMP is high grade, given the lymphatic invasion risk. To date, no single preoperative factor was identified as predictive of PMP grade.

Materials & methods

Preoperative factors of a prospective cohort study on PMP were retrospectively analyzed, in order to identify situations linked with high or low grade appendiceal PMP. The main outcome was PMP grade on definitive histology after CRS.

Results

n = 105. In univariate analysis, the grade of the appendiceal tumor, systematically reviewed in an expert center, showed an OR of 25.00 (95 % CI: 3.30–189.27; p = 0.001) and an NPV of 93.75 [85.36, 100]. Peritoneal biopsy demonstrated an OR of 19.80 (95 % CI: 2.30–170.71; p = 0.002) and a PPV of 90 [71.41, 100]. In multivariate analysis, these two factors remained significantly associated with PMP grade.

Conclusion

Whenever appendiceal tumor is low grade on preoperative histology, the colon has to be spared unless completeness of CRS is compromised, which is a high-grade feature in fact. In case of high grade appendiceal tumor and/or peritoneal biopsy, right-sided hemicolectomy is warranted. If no histology is available preoperatively, adapt to intraoperative lesions as no preoperative factors seem to be predictive.