智利社区抵御海啸的弹性规划途径

IF 6.5 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Paula Villagra , Marie Geraldine Herrmann-Lunecke , Oneska Peña y Lillo , Silvia Ariccio , Macarena Ceballo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于破坏性事件的增加,在全球范围内发展具有抗灾能力的沿海社区变得日益紧迫。目前正在开发许多复原力评估模型、工具和框架,以指导规划者和决策者规划具有复原力的社区。然而,许多模型和框架缺乏多维方法,还有一些模型和框架忽视了指标重要性的地区差异,也忽视了社区的充分参与。这些因素反过来又阻碍了 "抗灾规划路径"(RPP)的发展,或者说阻碍了一套考虑当地主要环境属性和社会文化能力的规划战略的发展。抗灾规划路径 "方法已在世界各地的弱势群体、城市和景观规划中得到应用。本研究的目的是确定关键的抗灾能力,以便在面临海啸灾害的智利沿海社区制定 RPP。我们采用了与公务员和沿海社区共同参与的横向方法,确定了各地区在抗灾能力方面的差异,从而确定规划者和决策者面临的挑战。在 Atlas.Ti 中进行的系统性国际文献审查显示,智利海啸灾害的复原力综合指标有 78 个,复原力维度有 6 个。42 个沿海社区的 134 名公务员根据其重要性和经验对综合指标进行了评估,揭示了指导当前制定复原力计划的各个方面。各宏观区域公务员的反应相似,表明区域防洪计划的发展侧重于物理、社会文化和制度方面,而忽视了生态和经济方面。与此相反,29 个焦点小组从 10 个具有代表性的沿海居住区收集的社区意见表明,综合指标的重要性在不同的宏观区域和公务员的回应中各不相同。这一结果表明,在制定智利沿海社区可持续发展方案的挑战方面,各宏观区域之间存在共性和差异。我们相信,我们的方法有助于在世界其他地区开展类似的评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Resilient planning pathways to community resilience to tsunami in Chile

There is growing urgency to develop resilient coastal communities worldwide due to an increase in destructive events. Many resilience assessment models, tools, and frameworks are being developed to guide planners and policy makers for planning resilient communities. However, many lack a multidimensional approach, while others disregard regional variations in indicators' importance, and neglect an adequate community involvement level. In turn, these factors hinder the development of a ‘Resilient Planning Pathway’ (RPP), or a set of planning strategies that consider key local environmental attributes and socio-cultural capacities. The RPP approach has been used in the context of vulnerable groups and urban and landscape planning worldwide. The objective of this study is to identify key resilience aspects to develop RPPs in Chilean coastal communities exposed to tsunami hazards. We used a cross-sectional participatory method with public servants and coastal communities which identifies regional variations in resilience dimensions, in order to define challenges for planners and policy makers. A systematic international literature review in Atlas.Ti revealed 78 resilience composite indicators and six resilience dimensions for tsunami hazards in Chile. Composite indicators were evaluated according to their importance and experience by 134 public servants within 42 coastal communities, revealing the aspects that guide the current development of RPPs. Public servants' responses are similar among macrozones and suggest that RPP development has focused on the physical, socio-cultural, and institutional dimensions, neglecting the ecological and economic dimensions. In contrast, the community opinions from 10 representative coastal settlements collected in 29 focus groups indicated that the importance of composite indicators varies among macrozones and with regards to the public servants' responses. This finding suggests commonalities and differences among macrozones regarding the challenges in developing Chilean coastal communities' RPPs. We believe that our methodological approach could help generate similar assessments in other world zones.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
10.30%
发文量
151
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: Habitat International is dedicated to the study of urban and rural human settlements: their planning, design, production and management. Its main focus is on urbanisation in its broadest sense in the developing world. However, increasingly the interrelationships and linkages between cities and towns in the developing and developed worlds are becoming apparent and solutions to the problems that result are urgently required. The economic, social, technological and political systems of the world are intertwined and changes in one region almost always affect other regions.
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