{"title":"肝细胞癌的基因组不稳定性:生物标记物和在免疫疗法中的应用。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101546","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. For patients with advanced HCC, liver function decompensation often occurs, which leads to poor tolerance to chemotherapies and other aggressive treatments. Therefore, it remains critical to develop effective therapeutic strategies for HCC. Etiological factors for HCC are complex and multifaceted, including hepatitis virus infection, alcohol, drug abuse, chronic metabolic abnormalities, and others. Thus, HCC has been categorized as a “genomically unstable” cancer due to the typical manifestation of chromosome breakage and aneuploidy, and oxidative DNA damage. In recent years, immunotherapy has provided a new option for cancer treatments, and the degree of genomic instability positively correlates with immunotherapy efficacies. This article reviews the endogenous and exogenous causes that affect the genomic stability of liver cells; it also updates the current biomarkers and their detection methods for genomic instabilities and relevant applications in cancer immunotherapies. Including genomic instability biomarkers in consideration of cancer treatment options shall increase the patients’ well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7979,"journal":{"name":"Annals of hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665268124003405/pdfft?md5=743982fdcb7f7d0d5fb3cc57442ec238&pid=1-s2.0-S1665268124003405-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Genomic instabilities in hepatocellular carcinoma: biomarkers and application in immunotherapies\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101546\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. For patients with advanced HCC, liver function decompensation often occurs, which leads to poor tolerance to chemotherapies and other aggressive treatments. Therefore, it remains critical to develop effective therapeutic strategies for HCC. Etiological factors for HCC are complex and multifaceted, including hepatitis virus infection, alcohol, drug abuse, chronic metabolic abnormalities, and others. Thus, HCC has been categorized as a “genomically unstable” cancer due to the typical manifestation of chromosome breakage and aneuploidy, and oxidative DNA damage. In recent years, immunotherapy has provided a new option for cancer treatments, and the degree of genomic instability positively correlates with immunotherapy efficacies. This article reviews the endogenous and exogenous causes that affect the genomic stability of liver cells; it also updates the current biomarkers and their detection methods for genomic instabilities and relevant applications in cancer immunotherapies. Including genomic instability biomarkers in consideration of cancer treatment options shall increase the patients’ well-being.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7979,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Annals of hepatology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665268124003405/pdfft?md5=743982fdcb7f7d0d5fb3cc57442ec238&pid=1-s2.0-S1665268124003405-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Annals of hepatology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665268124003405\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of hepatology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1665268124003405","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
肝细胞癌(HCC)是最致命的癌症之一。晚期肝细胞癌患者通常会出现肝功能失代偿,导致对化疗和其他积极治疗的耐受性差。因此,开发有效的 HCC 治疗策略仍然至关重要。HCC 的致病因素复杂多样,包括肝炎病毒感染、酒精、药物滥用、慢性代谢异常等。因此,HCC 被归类为 "基因组不稳定 "癌症,其典型表现为染色体断裂和非整倍体,以及 DNA 氧化损伤。近年来,免疫疗法为癌症治疗提供了新的选择,而基因组不稳定的程度与免疫疗法的疗效呈正相关。本文回顾了影响肝细胞基因组稳定性的内源性和外源性原因,并更新了目前基因组不稳定的生物标记物及其检测方法以及在癌症免疫疗法中的相关应用。将基因组不稳定性生物标志物纳入癌症治疗方案的考虑范围,将增加患者的福祉。
Genomic instabilities in hepatocellular carcinoma: biomarkers and application in immunotherapies
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. For patients with advanced HCC, liver function decompensation often occurs, which leads to poor tolerance to chemotherapies and other aggressive treatments. Therefore, it remains critical to develop effective therapeutic strategies for HCC. Etiological factors for HCC are complex and multifaceted, including hepatitis virus infection, alcohol, drug abuse, chronic metabolic abnormalities, and others. Thus, HCC has been categorized as a “genomically unstable” cancer due to the typical manifestation of chromosome breakage and aneuploidy, and oxidative DNA damage. In recent years, immunotherapy has provided a new option for cancer treatments, and the degree of genomic instability positively correlates with immunotherapy efficacies. This article reviews the endogenous and exogenous causes that affect the genomic stability of liver cells; it also updates the current biomarkers and their detection methods for genomic instabilities and relevant applications in cancer immunotherapies. Including genomic instability biomarkers in consideration of cancer treatment options shall increase the patients’ well-being.
期刊介绍:
Annals of Hepatology publishes original research on the biology and diseases of the liver in both humans and experimental models. Contributions may be submitted as regular articles. The journal also publishes concise reviews of both basic and clinical topics.