Decentralized Coordinated Scheduling of Port Integrated Energy System and Bulk Terminal With Two-Tier Incentives

Given the increasing energy interconnection and coupling between port integrated energy system (PIES) and bulk terminal, this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling strategy to realize the potential of their coordination to improve energy efficiency and operational benefits of PIES. First, a coordination framework of energy system operators (ESO), logistics system operators (LSO), and infrastructure operators (IO) with two-tier incentives (TTI) is constructed to enable LSO and IO to coordinate ESO to cope with demand response incentives (DRI) set by the power grid. By analyzing the operating load characteristics of facilities in bidirectional bulk cargo logistics (BBCL) and the energy use comfort characteristics of infrastructure loads at bulk terminal, the scheduling models of ESO, LSO, and IO are then constructed. A mixed-integer two-level optimization model based on analytical target cascading (ATC) is developed to realize a decentralized autonomy and coordinated solution of the scheduling models. And an efficient LSO scheduling based on parallel machine scheduling (PMS) is built to further improve the solution efficiency of the optimization model. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategy to improve the economic benefits of each operator and increase the energy efficiency of PIES.