比较奶牛粪便和堆肥对有机年度饲草生产系统中短期氮矿化和微生物生物量的影响

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY
Tunsisa T. Hurisso, Jessica G. Davis, Frank H. Stonaker, Daniel A. Goldhamer, Joe E. Brummer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自美国通过有机农业国家规则以来,人们对利用动物粪便满足作物氮(N)需求的兴趣一直不减。然而,由于缺乏有关粪肥供氮潜力的一致信息,给农民带来了不确定性,往往导致过量施用,从而对作物产量和环境可持续性造成负面影响。我们研究了有机一年生牧草生产系统施用奶牛粪便(DM)及其堆肥(DMC)后的短期氮矿化度以及微生物生物量碳(MBC)和氮(MBN)。氮矿化度是根据≤75 天的田间土壤核心-树脂袋培养过程中矿物氮的变化确定的。DM 和 DMC 施用量的目标是在施用的第一年和第二年分别提供每公顷 123 千克和 56 千克潜在植物可利用氮(PAN)。在不同的改良处理中,第一年的净氮矿化度范围为每公顷 42-277 千克氮,第二年为每公顷 31-54 千克氮,并且这两年的净氮矿化度都随着培养时间的延长而增加。第 1 年,添加的总氮矿化比例中,DM 的比例高于 DMC(分别为 ≤35% 和 ≤7%),这表明 DMC 无法在第一个作物季节为一年生牧草提供最佳水平的氮。在第二年,DM 和 DMC 的净氮矿化度没有差别,但未加改良剂的对照组的净氮矿化度明显低于两种改良剂。与有机添加剂相比,MBC 和 MBN 受季节性和土壤取样深度的影响更大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Comparison of dairy manure versus compost effects on short-term nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass in organic annual forage production system

Comparison of dairy manure versus compost effects on short-term nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass in organic annual forage production system

Since the adoption of national rules for organic agriculture in the United States, there has been a continued interest in meeting crop nitrogen (N) needs using animal manure. However, a lack of consistent information on the N supplying potential of manure creates uncertainty for farmers and often leads to overapplication, which can negatively impact both crop productivity and environmental sustainability. We investigated short-term N mineralization and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) following dairy manure (DM) and its compost (DMC) application to organic annual forage production system. N mineralization was determined based on the change in mineral N during a ≤75-day in-field soil core-resin bag incubation. DM and DMC application rates were targeted to supply 123 and 56 kg potentially plant-available nitrogen (PAN) ha−1 in the first and second year of application, respectively. Net N mineralization exhibited a range of 42–277 kg N ha−1 in Year 1 and 31–54 kg N ha−1 in Year 2 across amendment treatments and increased over the course of incubation duration in both years. The proportion of total N added that was mineralized in Year 1 was greater from DM than DMC (≤35% vs. ≤7%, respectively), suggesting the inability of DMC to supply optimal levels of N to annual forages in the first crop season. In Year 2, net N mineralization did not differ between DM and DMC, but was significantly less in the unamended control than both amendments. MBC and MBN were more influenced by seasonality and soil sampling depth than by organic amendments.

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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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