加纳阿克拉基于集体智慧的参与式 COVID-19 监测:混合方法试点研究。

IF 3.5 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
JMIR infodemiology Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI:10.2196/50125
Gifty Marley, Phyllis Dako-Gyeke, Prajwol Nepal, Rohini Rajgopal, Evelyn Koko, Elizabeth Chen, Kwabena Nuamah, Kingsley Osei, Hubertus Hofkirchner, Michael Marks, Joseph D Tucker, Rosalind Eggo, William Ampofo, Sean Sylvia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:在许多中低收入国家,传染病监测工作十分困难。基于信息市场(IM)的参与式监测是一种众包方法,它鼓励个人通过交易基于网络的虚拟 "股票",积极报告健康症状和观察到的趋势,其回报与未来事件挂钩:本研究旨在评估量身定制的 IM 监测系统的可行性和可接受性,以监测加纳阿克拉的人群 COVID-19 结果:我们采用混合研究方法设计并评估了 2021 年 10 月至 12 月的预测市场 IM 系统。居住在阿克拉、年龄≥18 岁的医护人员和社区志愿者参与了试点交易。参与者可获得 10,000 个虚拟信用点数,就 COVID-19 相关结果的 12 个问题进行交易。回报与该地区(大阿克拉)和全国(加纳)在未来特定时间点的新增病例和累计病例的成本估算挂钩。问题包括 COVID-19 新增病例数、可能接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人数以及到年底加纳 COVID-19 病例总数。电话积分根据剩余虚拟积分和参与者的百分位数排名发放。收集的数据包括年龄、职业和交易频率。深入访谈探讨了与参与者的用户体验、系统使用障碍以及未来使用即时通讯系统的意愿相关的原因和因素。使用趋势分析评估了交易频率,并进行了普通最小二乘法回归分析,以确定与至少交易一次相关的因素:在 105 名符合条件的受邀参与者中,21 人(84%)至少在平台上进行过一次交易。估计全国 COVID-19 案例数量的问题收到了 13 到 19 次交易,而主要从电视和广播中获取 COVID-19 相关信息与交易可能性较低有关(边际效应:-0.184)。30 岁的个体(边际效应:0.0135)。实施即时信息监控是可行的;所有 21 位参与交易者都认为使用即时信息监控 COVID-19 是可以接受的。朋友间的积极交易、共同讨论和强大的入职流程促进了参与。社交媒体上缺乏双向交流和技术困难是主要障碍:在加纳,使用即时通信系统进行疾病监测是可行的,也是可以接受的。在监测工作不发达的中低收入国家,这种方法有望成为一种具有成本效益的疾病趋势信息来源,但还需要进一步研究,以优化其使用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Collective Intelligence-Based Participatory COVID-19 Surveillance in Accra, Ghana: Pilot Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Infectious disease surveillance is difficult in many low- and middle-income countries. Information market (IM)-based participatory surveillance is a crowdsourcing method that encourages individuals to actively report health symptoms and observed trends by trading web-based virtual "stocks" with payoffs tied to a future event.

Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a tailored IM surveillance system to monitor population-level COVID-19 outcomes in Accra, Ghana.

Methods: We designed and evaluated a prediction markets IM system from October to December 2021 using a mixed methods study approach. Health care workers and community volunteers aged ≥18 years living in Accra participated in the pilot trading. Participants received 10,000 virtual credits to trade on 12 questions on COVID-19-related outcomes. Payoffs were tied to the cost estimation of new and cumulative cases in the region (Greater Accra) and nationwide (Ghana) at specified future time points. Questions included the number of new COVID-19 cases, the number of people likely to get the COVID-19 vaccination, and the total number of COVID-19 cases in Ghana by the end of the year. Phone credits were awarded based on the tally of virtual credits left and the participant's percentile ranking. Data collected included age, occupation, and trading frequency. In-depth interviews explored the reasons and factors associated with participants' user journey experience, barriers to system use, and willingness to use IM systems in the future. Trading frequency was assessed using trend analysis, and ordinary least squares regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors associated with trading at least once.

Results: Of the 105 eligible participants invited, 21 (84%) traded at least once on the platform. Questions estimating the national-level number of COVID-19 cases received 13 to 19 trades, and obtaining COVID-19-related information mainly from television and radio was associated with less likelihood of trading (marginal effect: -0.184). Individuals aged <30 years traded 7.5 times more and earned GH ¢134.1 (US $11.7) more in rewards than those aged >30 years (marginal effect: 0.0135). Implementing the IM surveillance was feasible; all 21 participants who traded found using IM for COVID-19 surveillance acceptable. Active trading by friends with communal discussion and a strong onboarding process facilitated participation. The lack of bidirectional communication on social media and technical difficulties were key barriers.

Conclusions: Using an IM system for disease surveillance is feasible and acceptable in Ghana. This approach shows promise as a cost-effective source of information on disease trends in low- and middle-income countries where surveillance is underdeveloped, but further studies are needed to optimize its use.

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