利用多个来源的光度测量减轻精确径向速度中的恒星变异性:开普勒-21 案例研究

Corey Beard, Paul Robertson, Mark R. Giovinazzi, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Eric B. Ford, Samuel Halverson, Te Han, Rae Holcomb, Jack Lubin, Rafael Luque, Pranav Premnath, Chad F. Bender, Cullen H. Blake, Qian Gong, Howard Isaacson, Shubham Kanodia, Dan Li, Andrea S. J. Lin, 5 Sarah E. Logsdon, Emily Lubar, Michael W. McElwain, Andrew Monson, Joe P. Ninan, Jayadev Rajagopal, Arpita Roy, Christian Schwab, Gudmundur Stefansson, Ryan C. Terrien, Jason T. Wright
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引用次数: 0

摘要

开普勒-21 b是一颗半径谷行星($R = 1.6\pm 0.2 R_{\oplus}$),具有类似地球的成分(8.38$\pm$1.62 g/cc),不过它的质量和半径都属于可能的 "水世界 "范围。我们利用新的Keck/HIRES和WIYN/NEID径向速度(RV)数据,结合开普勒和TESS的光度测量,对光度测量和RV之间的活动减缓进行了详细研究。我们还进一步完善了系统参数,并利用盖亚天体测量法对沿线 RV 趋势进行了约束。我们的活动分析肯定了开普勒光度计从RV中去除相关噪声的质量,尽管其时间距离较远,但我们揭示了TESS可能更胜一筹的一些情况。利用改进的轨道参数和更新的成分曲线,我们排除了开普勒-21 b的 "水世界 "设想,并确定了一个长周期超木星行星候选者,开普勒-21 (c)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Utilizing Photometry from Multiple Sources to Mitigate Stellar Variability in Precise Radial Velocities: A Case Study of Kepler-21
We present a new analysis of Kepler-21, the brightest (V = 8.5) Kepler system with a known transiting exoplanet, Kepler-21 b. Kepler-21 b is a radius valley planet ($R = 1.6\pm 0.2 R_{\oplus}$) with an Earth-like composition (8.38$\pm$1.62 g/cc), though its mass and radius fall in the regime of possible "water worlds." We utilize new Keck/HIRES and WIYN/NEID radial velocity (RV) data in conjunction with Kepler and TESS photometry to perform a detailed study of activity mitigation between photometry and RVs. We additionally refine the system parameters, and we utilize Gaia astrometry to place constraints on a long-term RV trend. Our activity analysis affirms the quality of Kepler photometry for removing correlated noise from RVs, despite its temporal distance, though we reveal some cases where TESS may be superior. Using refined orbital parameters and updated composition curves, we rule out a ``water world" scenario for Kepler-21 b, and we identify a long period super-Jupiter planetary candidate, Kepler-21 (c).
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