Large-Angle Collisions in Burning Plasmas of Inertial Confinement Fusions

A recent neutron analysis of experiments conducted at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) has revealed deviations from the Maxwellian distributions in the ion relative kinetic energy of burning plasmas, with the surprising emergence of supra-thermal deuterium and tritium (DT) ions that fall outside the predictions of macroscopic statistical hydrodynamic models. Our hybrid-particle-in-cell simulations, incorporating the newly-developed model of large-angle collisions, suggest this could be attributed to the increased significance of large-angle collisions among DT ions and \(\alpha\)-particles in the burning plasma. Extensive investigations into the implications of large-angle collisions in the burning plasma have yield several key findings, including an ignition moment promotion by \(\sim 10\, {\rm ps}\), the presence of supra-thermal ions below an energy threshold, and a hotspot expansion rate about six times faster than expected. Furthermore, we have established the congruency between the NIF neutron spectral moment analysis and our simulations. Our researches on large-angle collisions in burning plasmas offer new insights for experiment interpretation and update our understanding for new designs of inertial confinement fusions.