平台工人的失业保险:从比较角度看挑战和方法

IF 1.5 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Alberto Barrio
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇论文概述了在确保从事平台工作的人员(作为雇员、自营职业者或第三类人员)能够有效获得失业保险保护方面所面临的挑战。在简要介绍了平台工作的定义之后,本文概述了平台工作的特点给失业保护保险带来的主要挑战;我们主要将理事会关于工人和自营职业者获得社会保护的建议书作为评估框架。这些挑战涉及正式排斥(由于被归类为自营职业或边缘工作)和实际排斥(由于难以达到最低工作要求以及算法管理和平台工作缺乏透明度)。随后,文章分析了欧洲国家为应对这些挑战而采取的一些主要方法。针对平台工作的行动包括:(a) 就业身份重新分类;(b) 建立雇佣关系推定;(c) 设定使用算法管理的告知要求;(d) 促进平台工作信息的透明度;(e) 将某些形式的(边缘)平台工作排除在正式社会保障范围之外。对平台工人的失业保险保护产生影响的一般方法包括:对不同就业状况适用相同的失业救济金领取标准,以及对某些形式的非标准工作在这些标准上更加宽松。文章最后得出结论,强调了失业保险对平台工作保护方面的主要差距,并讨论了就平台工作采取行动的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Unemployment insurance for platform workers: Challenges and approaches from a comparative perspective
This contribution presents an overview of the challenges involved in ensuring that persons performing platform work (as either employees, self-employed, or in a third category) are able to effectively access unemployment insurance protection. It also addresses the specific approaches taken by European countries to tackle these challenges, relying especially on the contributions to this special issue on unemployment protection for the self-employed and platform workers.After presenting a brief definition of platform work, the contribution provides an overview of the main challenges linked to unemployment protection insurance posed by the features of platform work; we use primarily the Council Recommendation on access to social protection for workers and the self-employed as an evaluative framework. These challenges relate to both formal exclusion (due to classification as self-employed or marginal work) and effective exclusion (due to difficulties meeting minimum work requirements and lack of transparency on algorithmic management and platform work). The contribution then analyses some of the main approaches taken by European countries to address such challenges. Actions targeting platform work comprise (a) employment status reclassification; (b) establishment of a presumption of an employment relationship; (c) the setting of requirements to inform on the use of algorithmic management; (d) facilitation of transparency on platform work information; and (e) exemption from formal social security coverage of some forms of (marginal) platform work. General approaches with consequences for the unemployment insurance protection of platform workers include the application of the same criteria for access to unemployment benefits across employment statuses, as well as greater leniency on these criteria for certain forms of non-standard work. The contribution ends with a conclusion, which highlights the main gaps in unemployment insurance protection for platform work, and discusses avenues for action regarding platform work.
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来源期刊
European Journal of Social Security
European Journal of Social Security PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
14.30%
发文量
28
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