Regulation of Ferroptosis in Obesity: Muscle Type-Specific Effects of Dietary Restriction and Exercise

Background Obesity is a significant global health issue and a risk factor for numerous diseases. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death, is triggered by iron overload and the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation mediated by reactive oxygen species. Studies has identified a strong association between ferroptosis and obesity. Additionally, dietary restriction (DR) and DR combined with exercise (DR+Ex) are effective strategies for managing obesity and ferroptosis. However, the regulation of ferroptosis and its signaling pathways in skeletal muscle under conditions of obesity, DR, and DR+Ex remains poorly understood.