纳米钛铌超导细丝间隙弛豫和热逸出的特征时间:厚度依赖性和基底的影响

K. Harrabi, A. Mekki, M. V. Milosevic
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们测量了具有不同纳米级厚度的铌钛超导细丝对阶跃电流脉冲的时间电压响应,阶跃电流脉冲通过热点机制诱导非平衡超导状态。这种检测到的电压在延迟时间 td 之后出现,而延迟时间与间隙弛豫和热逸散时间密切相关。通过采用与时间相关的金兹堡-朗道理论(Ginzburg-Landau theory)将延迟时间与外加电流联系起来,我们发现间隙弛豫时间与薄膜厚度呈线性关系,这与声子在超导体-基底界面传输的声学错配理论相一致。因此,我们发现抛光蓝宝石上的铌钛薄膜每 nm 厚度的间隙弛豫时间为 104 ps。我们进一步表明,与衬底的界面相互作用对间隙弛豫时间有显著影响,在 T = 5.75 K 时,50 nm 厚的铌钛带在氧化硅上的观测值为 9 ns,在熔融石英上为 6.8 ns,在蓝宝石上为 5.2 ns。这些见解对于优化超导传感技术,尤其是在纳米超导桥和超导丝的瞬态机制下工作的单光子探测器,非常有价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Characteristic times for gap relaxation and heat escape in nanothin NbTi superconducting filaments: thickness dependence and effect of substrate
We measured the temporal voltage response of NbTi superconducting filaments with varied nanoscale thicknesses to step current pulses that induce non-equilibrium superconducting states governed by a hot-spot mechanism. Such detected voltage emerges after a delay time td, which is intimately connected to the gap relaxation and heat escape times. By employing time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory to link the delay time to the applied current, we determined that the gap relaxation time depends linearly on film thickness, aligning with the acoustic mismatch theory for phonon transmission at the superconductor-substrate interface. We thereby find a gap relaxation time of 104 ps per nm of thickness for NbTi films on polished sapphire. We further show that interfacial interaction with the substrate significantly impacts the gap relaxation time, with observed values of 9 ns on SiOx, 6.8 ns on fused silica, and 5.2 ns on sapphire for a 50 nm thick NbTi strip at T = 5.75 K. These insights are valuable for optimizing superconducting sensing technologies, particularly the single-photon detectors that operate in the transient regime of nanothin superconducting bridges and filaments
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