无声的威胁揭示狂犬病对巴西食草动物的影响

Animals Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.3390/ani14162305
Marcelo Cardoso da Silva Ventura, Jéssica Milena Moura Neves, Randyson da Silva Pinheiro, Marcos Vinicius Costa Santos, E. S. D. de Lemos, Marco Aurélio Pereira Horta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

狂犬病是一种人畜共患的病毒性疾病,因其对各种环境的适应性而构成重大威胁。食草动物狂犬病主要影响巴西的牛、马和山羊,仍然令人担忧,给畜牧业造成巨大损失,并对公众健康构成风险。在拉丁美洲,狂犬病病毒主要通过食血蝙蝠传播,因此需要采取有效的策略,而疫苗接种在控制食草动物狂犬病方面发挥着至关重要的作用,其中系统性疫苗接种是最主要的方法。控制食草动物狂犬病的工作包括疫苗接种运动、提高公众认识计划和加强监测系统。尽管采取了这些措施,狂犬病依然存在,并造成了经济负担和巨大的健康风险。经济影响包括畜牧业损失、畜产品贸易限制,以及政府和农民因控制措施而承受的财政负担。尽管狂犬病疫苗接种、监测和控制的成本相当高,但投资于狂犬病疫苗接种和控制不仅能保护牲畜,还能保护公众健康、减少人类感染病例并加强畜牧业的可持续性。要减轻食草动物狂犬病对巴西的影响,就必须采取综合方法,持续投资于疫苗接种、监测和控制措施,以保护公众健康,确保畜牧业的可持续性,从而促进粮食和经济安全。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Silent Threat: Unraveling the Impact of Rabies in Herbivores in Brazil
Rabies, a zoonotic viral disease, poses a significant threat due to its adaptability to diverse environments. Herbivore rabies, predominantly affecting cattle, horses, and goats in Brazil, remains a concern, results in substantial losses in the livestock industry, and poses risks to public health. Rabies virus transmission, primarily through hematophagous bats in Latin America, underscores the need for effective strategies, and vaccination plays a crucial role in controlling herbivorous rabies, with systematic vaccination beingly the primary method. Efforts to control rabies in herbivores include vaccination campaigns, public awareness programs, and the enhancement of surveillance systems. Despite these initiatives, rabies persists and imposes an economic burden and a significant health risk. Economic impacts include losses in the livestock industry, trade restrictions on livestock products, and financial burdens on governments and farmers owing to control measures. Despite the considerable costs of campaigns, surveillance, and control, investing in rabies vaccination and control not only safeguards livestock, but also preserves public health, reduces human cases, and strengthens the sustainability of the livestock industry. Mitigating the impact of herbivorous rabies in Brazil requires integrated approaches and continuous investments in vaccination, surveillance, and control measures to protect public health and ensure the sustainability of the livestock industry, thus contributing to food and economic security.
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