基于共凝胶-模板脂肪酸囊泡的混合原细胞兼具更高的膜稳定性和功能性内部原细胞质

bioRxiv Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1101/2024.08.06.606659
Jessica Lee, Fatma P. Cakmak, Richard Booth, Christine D. Keating
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生前合理的分隔机制包括通过两性自组装形成的膜囊泡和通过液-液相分离形成的凝聚液滴。这两类结构都是自发形成的,与当今活细胞中的细胞分隔模式有关。作为前生物隔室,它们具有互补性,凝聚态液滴能提供出色的溶质积累,而膜则能提供卓越的边界。在这里,我们描述了由脂肪酸/磷脂混合膜和纯脂肪酸膜自发包裹凝聚态液滴而构建的原细胞模型。在一系列辅水合物和脂质成分中形成了辅水合物支撑膜,辅水合物和膜之间的电荷-电荷相互作用影响了膜的特性。与传统的无凝聚剂内层的脂肪酸膜或脂肪酸/磷脂混合膜相比,由凝聚剂引发的膜组装形成的囊泡表现出截然不同的渗透性,尤其是在 Mg2+ 离子存在的情况下。加入 25 mM MgCl2 会破坏脂肪酸和混合膜囊泡,而相应的有凝聚剂支撑的膜即使在 MgCl2 存在的情况下也能保持完好无损,并且对外部添加的溶质没有渗透性。有了更坚固的膜,由于 FDA 的简单扩散,可在原细胞模型内进行双乙酸荧光素(FDA)水解(常用于细胞存活率检测),然后再通过共凝胶介导的非生物水解生成荧光素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hybrid Protocells based on Coacervate-Templated Fatty Acid Vesicles combine Improved Membrane Stability with Functional Interior Protocytoplasm
Prebiotically-plausible compartmentalization mechanisms include membrane vesicles formed by amphiphile self-assembly and coacervate droplets formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. Both types of structures form spontaneously and can be related to cellular compartmentalization motifs in today’s living cells. As prebiotic compartments, they have complementary capabilities, with coacervates offering excellent solute accumulation and membranes providing superior boundaries. Herein, we describe protocell models constructed by spontaneous encapsulation of coacervate droplets by mixed fatty acid/phospholipid and by purely fatty acid membranes. Coacervate-supported membranes formed over a range of coacervate and lipid compositions, with membrane properties impacted by charge-charge interactions between coacervates and membranes. Vesicles formed by coacervate-templated membrane assembly exhibited profoundly different permeability than traditional fatty acid or blended fatty acid/phospholipid membranes without coacervate interiors, particularly in the presence of Mg2+ ions. While fatty acid and blended membrane vesicles were disrupted by addition of 25 mM MgCl2, the corresponding coacervate-supported membranes remained intact and impermeable to externally-added solutes even in the presence of MgCl2. With the more robust membrane, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, which is commonly used for cell viability assays, could be performed inside the protocell model due to the simple diffusion of FDA and then following with the coacervate-mediated abiotic hydrolysis to fluorescein.
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