不同水质条件下 Eragrostis tef 谷物蛋白质和矿物质营养浓度的相关基因组位点

bioRxiv Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1101/2024.08.06.606859
M. Alemu, Shiran Ben‐Zeev, V. Barak, Y. Tutus, Ismail Cakmak, Y. Saranga
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摘要

气候变化正成为全球关注的问题,威胁着农业满足日益增长的人口的粮食和营养需求的能力。未充分利用的作物为解决抵御气候变化和营养不良问题提供了机会。Tef 是一种抗逆性谷物作物,可生产营养质量上乘的无麸谷物。然而,人们对柚子谷物营养特性的多样性、它们与环境条件(如水供应)的相互作用以及潜在的基因组位点还缺乏了解。我们评估了水供应对柚木谷物营养浓度的影响,并确定了相关的基因组位点。我们收集了223个柚木基因型,作为柚木多样性小组300的一个子集,于2021年在水分充足和水分有限的条件下进行了田间种植,并对谷物蛋白质和矿物质浓度以及种子颜色进行了表型分析。利用 28,837 个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)和表型数据进行了全基因组关联研究,以确定标记-性状关联(MTAs)。Tef 谷物养分浓度表现出广泛的遗传多样性,并受到环境的显著影响。在水分有限的条件下,蛋白质和大多数微量营养素的浓度更高,而在水分充足的环境中,大多数宏量营养素的浓度更高。共有 59 个 SNP 与一个或多个所研究的性状相关,从而在两种水分处理条件下检测到 65 个 MTAs,为了解谷物养分的遗传基础提供了线索。五个 SNPs 反映了多重关联,其中四个在两种处理下检测到相同的性状(多重环境效应),一个与锌和钾都有关联(多效应)。此外,两对密切相关的 SNPs 反映了多重环境效应。多重环境关联为这些 MTAs 的完整性提供了更多支持,而多效应位点则暗示了控制两种矿物质离子的共同机制。所发现的 MTAs 为研究柚木营养特性的基因组结构提供了新的视角,并为提高柚木谷物的营养品质和抗旱能力奠定了基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genomic Loci Associated with Grain Protein and Mineral Nutrients concentrations in Eragrostis tef under Contrasting Water Regimes
Climate change is becoming a global concern, threating agriculture’s capacity to meet the food and nutritional requirements of the growing population. Underutilized crops present an opportunity to address resilience to climate change and nutritional deficiencies. Tef is a stress-resilient cereal crop, producing gluten-free grain of high nutritional quality. However, knowledge is lacking on tef’s diversity of grain nutritional properties, their interaction with environmental conditions (e.g., water availability) and the underlying genomic loci. We assessed the effect of water availability on tef grain nutrient concentrations and identify the associated genomic loci. A collection of 223 tef genotypes, a subset of tef diversity panel 300, were grown in the field under well-watered and water-limited conditions in 2021, and phenotyped for grain protein and mineral concentrations and seed color. A genome-wide association study was conducted using 28,837 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phenotypic data to identify marker–trait associations (MTAs). Tef grain nutrient concentrations exhibited wide genetic diversity with a significant influence of environment. Protein and most micronutrients were more concentrated under water-limited conditions, whereas most macronutrients were higher in the well-watered environment. A total of 59 SNPs were associated with one or more of the studied traits, resulting in 65 MTAs detected under both water treatments, and providing insights into the genetic basis of grain nutrients. Five SNPs reflected multiple associations, with four detecting the same trait under both treatments (multiple-environment effect), and one associated with both Zn and K (pleiotropic effect). In addition, two pairs of closely linked SNPs reflected multiple-environment effects. While multiple-environment associations provide greater support for the integrity of these MTAs, the pleiotropic locus hints at a common mechanism controlling two mineral ions. The identified MTAs shed new light on the genomic architecture of tef’s nutritional properties and provide the basis to enhance tef grain nutritional quality alongside drought resilience.
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