临床前动物模型在抗癌药物研发和个性化癌症治疗策略中的关键作用

Pharmaceuticals Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.3390/ph17081048
Haochuan Guo, Xinru Xu, Jiaxi Zhang, Yajing Du, Xinbing Yang, Zhiheng He, Linjie Zhao, Tingming Liang, Li Guo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

临床前动物模型的建立和利用在癌症研究的各个方面都起着举足轻重的作用,对了解疾病的发生和发展机制以及促进创新性抗癌治疗方法的开发有着不可或缺的贡献。这些模型已成为基础研究和临床研究之间的重要桥梁,为临床研究提供了多方面的支持。本研究首先关注建立临床前动物模型的重要性和益处,讨论不同类型的临床前动物模型以及癌症研究的最新进展。然后深入探讨癌症治疗,研究肿瘤发展不同阶段的特征和抗癌药物的开发。通过整合肿瘤特征和临床前研究,我们阐述了抗癌药物的开发路径,并为个性化癌症治疗策略提供指导,包括合成致死方法和该领域广泛采用的新型药物。最后,我们总结了根据实验方式和临床前动物物种选择临床前安全性实验的战略框架,并对临床前动物模型的前景和挑战进行了展望。这些模型无疑为癌症研究提供了新的途径,包括药物开发和个性化抗癌方案。然而,前方的道路依然漫长而充满障碍。因此,我们鼓励研究人员坚持不懈地利用先进技术完善临床前动物模型,从而使这些新兴范例对癌症患者的预后产生积极影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Pivotal Role of Preclinical Animal Models in Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery and Personalized Cancer Therapy Strategies
The establishment and utilization of preclinical animal models constitute a pivotal aspect across all facets of cancer research, indispensably contributing to the comprehension of disease initiation and progression mechanisms, as well as facilitating the development of innovative anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. These models have emerged as crucial bridges between basic and clinical research, offering multifaceted support to clinical investigations. This study initially focuses on the importance and benefits of establishing preclinical animal models, discussing the different types of preclinical animal models and recent advancements in cancer research. It then delves into cancer treatment, studying the characteristics of different stages of tumor development and the development of anti-cancer drugs. By integrating tumor hallmarks and preclinical research, we elaborate on the path of anti-cancer drug development and provide guidance on personalized cancer therapy strategies, including synthetic lethality approaches and novel drugs widely adopted in the field. Ultimately, we summarize a strategic framework for selecting preclinical safety experiments, tailored to experimental modalities and preclinical animal species, and present an outlook on the prospects and challenges associated with preclinical animal models. These models undoubtedly offer new avenues for cancer research, encompassing drug development and personalized anti-cancer protocols. Nevertheless, the road ahead continues to be lengthy and fraught with obstacles. Hence, we encourage researchers to persist in harnessing advanced technologies to refine preclinical animal models, thereby empowering these emerging paradigms to positively impact cancer patient outcomes.
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